Cranial Cavity and Cranial Nerves

what makes up the neurocranium

calvaria and cranial cavity floor

parts of the skull

viscerocranium

neurocranium

components of cranial cavity

brain

meninges

blood vessels

cranial nerves

subcomponents of the meninges

venous sinuses

CSF

roof of the neurocranium

calvaria

floor of the neurocranium

basicranium

coronal suture is between

frontal bone & 2 parietal bones

suture between the parietal bones

saggital

suture between parietal and occipital bones

lambdoid suture

dura mater consists of

periosteal layer

meningeal layer

layers of the meninges from superficial to deep

dura

arachnoid

pia

the subarachnoid space is between

arachnoid and pia mater

where is CSF found

subarachnoid space

where is CSF produced

choroid plexus

dural partitions project _

inward

separations of the dura form _

dural partitions

dural venous sinsues

names of dural projections

falx cerebri

falx cerebelli

tentorium cerebelli

falx cerebri is a downward projection of _

meningeal dura

falx cerebri attachments anteriorly / posteriorly

anterior: crista galli of the ethmoid bone and frontal crest of the frontal bone

posterior: tentorium cerebelli

dural venous sinuses are between

periosteal layer and meningeal layer of dura

dural venous sinsues lead to _

internal jugular veins

confluence of sinuses receive

superior saggital sinus

straight sinus

occipital sinus

The straight sinus is a continuation of

great cerebral v

inferior saggital sinus

venous flow of brain

(superior saggital, straight, occipital) -> confluence

right and left transverse sinuses

sigmoid sinuses

internal jugular veins

the confluence of sinuses location

internal occipital protuberence

what drains the confluence of sinuses

right and left transverse sinuses

the superior saggital sinus empties into

right transverse sinus (via confluence)

left transverse sinus receives blood from

straight sinus

brain arterial supply

internal carotid a

vertebral a

internal carotid a enters the brain through

carotid canal

vertebral artery enters brain via

foramen magnum

external carotid artery branch in the skull

middle meningeal a

how does the middle meningeal a arise

external carotid a -> maxillary a -> middle meningeal a

how does the middle meningeal a enter skull

foramen spinosum

epidural hematoma is caused by

ruptured artery

subdural hematoma is caused by a ruptured _

vein

subarachnoid hemmorhage is caused by _

ruptured artery

what forms the cerbral arterial circle

anterior cerebral arteries

anterior communicating arteries

internal carotid arteries

posterior cerbral a

posterior communicating arteries

bones of the anterior cranial fossa

frontal

ethmoid

sphenoid

parts of anterior cranial fossa

bones

frontal lobes

CN I

CN I associated structures

olfactory bulbs

olfactory tracts

CN 1 cranial passage

cribifirm plate foramina

middle cranial fossa bones

sphenoid

temporal

contents found in middle cranial fossa

temporal lobes

5 cranial nerves

pituatary gland

sella turcica

significance of sella turcica

houses pituitary gland

CN II associated structures

optic chiasm

optic tract

CN II cranial passage

optic canal

CN 3 functional categories

general somatic efferent

general visceral efferent

CN III cranial passage

superior orbital fissure

CN IV functional category

general somatic efferent

CN IV cranial passage

superior orbital fissure

CN V functional categories

general somatic afferent

branchial efferent

which branch of CN V is motor

mandibular

mandibular division of CN V innervates _

muscles of mastication

divisions of CN V

opthalamic nerve

maxillary

mandibular

opthalamic n category

somatic afferent

ophtlalamic nerve cranial passage

superior orbital fissure

maxillary nerve categorization

general somatic afferent

maxillary nerve cranial passage

foramen rotundum

mandibular nerve functional category

general somatic afferent

branchial efferent

mandibular nerve cranial passage

foramen ovale

CN VI functional category

general somatic efferent

CN VI cranial passage

superior orbital fissure

posterior cranial fossa bones

sphenoid

temporal

occipital

parietal

contents of posterior cranial fossa

bones

cerebellum

pons

medulla

6 cranial nerves

CN VII categories

general somatic afferent

special afferent

general visceral efferent

branchial efferent

functions of CN VII

taste to anterior 2/3 tongue

parasympathetics to glands

muscles of facial expression

CN VII cranial passage

internal acoustic meatus -> stylomastoid foramen

CN VIII functional category

special afferent (hearing and balance)

CN VIII cranial passage

internal acoustic meatus

functional categories of CN IX

general visceral afferent

general somatic afferent

special afferent

general visceral efferent

branchial efferent

CN IX functions

sensory to posterior 1/3 tongue and oropharynx

taste to posterior 1/3 tongue

parasympathetics to parotid gland

motor innervation to pharynx muscle

CN IX cranial passage

jugular foramen

CN X functional categories

general visceral afferent

genral somatic afferent

special afferent

general visceral efferent

branchial efferent

CN X functions

sensory of thorax and GI viscera

taste of epiglottis and pharynx

parasympathetics for neck, thorax, GI

muscles of larynx, pharynx, soft palate, tongue

CN X motor innervation

larynx

pharynx

soft palate

tongue

CN X cranial passage

jugular foramen

CN XI functional category

branchial efferent (SCM and trapezius)

CN XI cranial passage

foramen magnum

jugular foramen

CN XII functional category

general somatic efferent (tongue muscles)

CN XII cranial passage

hypoglossal canal

the brain and its contents sit on _ (part of skull)

basicranium

which layer directly adheres to the brain

pia

falx cerebri runs along the

longitudinal fissure

roof of the sella turcica

diaphragm sellae

superior saggital sinus runs along _

superior aspect of falx cerebri

where anatomically does the straight sinus form

where (falx cerebri) meets (tentorium cerebelli)

cavernous sinus is on either side of _

sella turcica

vertebral arteries join together to form

basilar a

middle meningeal artery passes just deep to what bony structure

pterion

why are epidural hematomas more urgent

they involve an accumulation of pressure due to the constant pumping of blood

general visceral efferent is associated with

parasympathetic function

general somatic afferent nerves

V

VII

IX

X

general visceral afferent nerves

IX

X

special afferent nerves

I

II

VII

VII

IX

X

general somatic efferent nerves

III

IV

VI

XII

which cranial nerves are in the middle cranial fossa

II - VI

which cranial nerves are in posterior cranial fossa

VII - XII