Ancient China

Confucius

A Chinese philosopher known for his teachings on ethics and morality.

Confucianism

A system of thought emphasizing duty, humanity, and the importance of relationships.

Dao

Also known as "The Way," a concept in Chinese philosophy that focuses on living in harmony with nature.

Five Constant Relationships

Father and son, friends, oldest and youngest brother, husband and wife, ruler and subject - key social relationships in Confucianism.

Daoism

A philosophy advocating for living in harmony with the natural order and avoiding unnecessary interference.

Legalism

A ruling philosophy characterized by strict laws, harsh punishments, and the belief in the inherent evil nature of humans.

Qin Dynasty

A dynasty in Ancient China known for its centralized state, adoption of Legalism, and the rule of Qin Shihuangdi.

Qin Shihuangdi

The "First Qin Emperor" who centralized power, standardized currency, and expanded the empire.

Han Empire

A dynasty that followed the Qin, adopted Confucianism, and maintained a bureaucratic government structure.

Bureaucracy

A system of government in which decisions are made by state officials rather than elected representatives.