APUSH / events

Decleration of Sentiments

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton

• Seneca Falls convention - document declaring men n women r equal

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

• response to Alien and Sedition Acts

• by Jefferson + Madison

Which state was the first to secede from the Union?

South Carolina

Kansas-Nebraska Act

• Allowed settlers in the states to decide whether to allow slavery through popular sovereignty.

New Orleans in the Louisiana Purchase

• New Orleans was a major trading hub for the Mississipi River

Laws of Burgos

• laws that indigenous ppl should be treated better

Council of the Indies

• directed that indigenous ppl should not be starved or exploited to death

New Laws of 1542

• attempted to abolish slavery of indigenous ppls (they would owe tribute but not labor)

End of the Encomienda system

• replaced by repartimento system (still forced labor, but workers earned wages) + enslaved Africans

• Hacienda ( large estates by elite, used labor by indigenous/enslaved Africans, produced cash crops which helped imperial powers)

Valladolid Debate

• debate of Bartolemew de Las Casas + Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda

• indigenous ppl rights

Treaty of Ghent

• ended War of 1812 (between US/Britain)

• established stats quo ante bellum (be the same b4 war)

Hartford Convention

• New England wants 2 secede after 1812 war

Panic of 1819

• 1st major US economic crisis

• ended Era of Good Feelings

• Second bank of the US tightened credit in response to inflation → widespread financial distress + bank failure

Mccolloch v. Maryland

• federal v state

• state of Maryland attempted to tax Second Bank of US → reinforced federal power

• Congress has implied powers beyond what’s explicitly stated in Constitution

Proclamation of 1763

• closed off west of Appalachian Mountains for settlement

Hamilton’s Economic Plan

• whiskey tax

• Bank of US

• tariffs

• state debts

American System

• Henry Clay

• 1. Bank of US

• 2. Internal improvements

• 3. tariffs (to build national transportation system)

Erie Canal

• connected East to Northwest

• inflluenced settlement

Effect of railroads on canals

• replaced the need for building canals

Native American Association 1837

• group that opposed immigration + voting rights 4 immigrants (nativism)

• during market revolution

• became the Know-Nothing party

Worcester v Georgia

• Supreme Court case - states could not decide treaties w indigenous b/c they were a seperate nation, and therefore only federal power

• however Jackson later uses federal gov to kick Cherokee out

Force

1st Continential Congress

• delegates from 12 colonies (no Georgia) gathered in Pennyslvania to discuss their issues w Britain

• NOT calling 4 independence (just wanted to restore relationship w Britain b4 French Indian War)

• called for repeal of Intolerable Acts

2nd Continential Congress

• acting gov of America during Revolutionary War

Olive Branch Petition

• last attempt to reconcile w Brit

• justification 4 Revolutionary War

• 2nd Continential Congress

Prohibitory Act

• 1775 act by Britain which closed the colonies to all overseas trade (and pardoned only British loyalists)

Battle of Bunker Hill

• reconcilation btw US and Britain not possible

Battle of Saratoga

• US victory that led France to join their side on the Revolutionary War

US debt after Revolutionary War

• $11 million to France and the Netherlands

Shay’s Rebellion

• Massachusetts farmer uprising

• highlighted problems of the Articles of Confederation

Judiciary Act of 1801

• A law passed by (Federalist) Congress that increased the number of federal judges, allowing President John Adams to fill the positions with Federalists before his term ended

• referred to as the “Midnight Appointments”

12th Amendment

• members of Electoral College case seperate votes 4 President + Vice President

• if no majority winner. House selects from top 3 candidates w the most electoral votes

The Compromise Tariff

• known as Henry Clay’s Comptomise

• promised to lower tariff, known to anger South Carolina

• South Carolina abandoned nullification of Tariffs of Abominations but still nullified Force Act

Specie Circular

• Jackson’s last presidential attempt to limit bank notes

• required public land to be paid 4 using hard money (gold/sillver)

• contributed to 5 yrs depression

Caucus System → Party Convention

• in the age of Jackson

• (small group of individuals in party choose candidates) → (members of party choose candidates)

Shakers

• Ann Lee brought them to US

• flourished during 2nd Great Awakening

• celibacy and agricultural values

Utopian societies

• 2nd Great Awakening, wanted to create perfect communities, reaction to rapid industrialization

American Colonization Society

• argued free black ppl couldnt coexists w white americans

• many African Americans opposed this bc they believed US was their homeland

• early abolitionist movement

Proprietary colony

• British Crown grants individual/group full governing rights of a colony (royal colonies were directly ruled by Crown)

• ex) Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware

Chesapeake colonies

• plantation (tobacco) economy + slave labor

• ex) Virginia, Maryland

Asiento system

• brought Africans to America

• trade agreement btw Spain and other Europe countries giving them the right to import enslaved Africans to Spanish colonies

• end up involving English, French, Germans etc in the slave trade

Chinampas

• floating man-made islands used to grow crops

• Aztec empire

Battle of New Orleans

• major American victory in War of 1812

• despite the war being stalemate, it boosted US patriotism

Adams-Onis Treaty 1819