Disaster Risk Reduction 2nd

Landslide

slipping of a slope or cliff causing large amounts of rock and soil to collapse

Rotational

ground rotates & slides along a curved failure plane

Translational

Ground slides with little rotation along a flat plane parallel to the surface

Block Slide

translational type; one block of surface material that moves

Lateral Spread

Surface material extends or spreads on gentle slope; associated with earthquake shaking

Creep

Soil & surface material slowly moves down

Rockfall

Gravity sends rock & other mats in a downslope

Topple

pieces of a cliff or rock face fall forward as large block

Earthflow

fine-grained mats liquefies and runs in hourglass shape

Debris Flow

Rapidly moving of water, mud, flow, and others that flows downavelley

Debris Avalanche

Large & fast moving debris flow

• Natural Landslide

• Anthropogenic factors

Types of Landslides

Sinkhole

Depression/hole in the ground caused by collapse

Cenote, Sink, Swallet, Swallow hole, Doline

Sinkhole other terms

Karst Process

chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks or suffusionn

Cover-Collapsed

quick and cause catastrophic damage

Cover-Subsidence

overtime with ground subsiding gradually

• Cover Collapsed

• Cover Subsidence

Types of Sinkhole

Geological Hazard Maps

maps that indicate the hazard susceptible to a area

useful for disaster preparedness and management

Geologic Mapping

for education, science, business, and a wide variety of public policy concerns

Preventions

actions that influence the way land and buildings are developed to reduce hazard losses
- planning & zoning, floodplainlaws, storm water management regulations, improvement programs

Property Protection

modification/removal of structures to protect them from hazards
-elevation, relocation, acquisition, storm shutters,

Public Education & Awareness

Actions to inform citizens and elected officials about hazards to mitigate
-outreach projects, hazard information centers, adult education

Natural Resource Protection

minimize hazard loss and preserve the functions of natural systems
-sediment & erosion control, watershed management, forest & vegetable management

Emergency Services

protect people and property during and immediately after a hazard
-warning systems, emergency responses, essential facilities protection

Structural Projects

involve the construction of structures to reduce the impact of a hazard

1. Organize Resources & Build the Planning Team

2. Develop the Plan’s Risk Assesment

3. Assess Capabilities

4. Develop the Mititgation Strategy

5. Determine Plan Maintenance Processes

6. Obtain Mitigation Plan Approval & Adoption

Hazard Mitigation Plan

Hydrometeorology

branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies transfer of water & energy

Typhoon

low-pressure area in a counter-clockwise rotation in Western Pacific Ocean

Thunderstorm

lighting, thunder, rainfall from cumulonimbus clouds

Flash Floods

in short period within 6 hours after the end of the event; fast

Storm Surge

rise of seawater above normal

Flood

overflow of water onto land; after 6 hours of an event; last longer

El Nino

periodic warming on central and east Pacific Equator

La Nina

cold phase; part of ENSO phase

Barograph

writing arm that records barometric pressure; rises or falls on a revolving scroll of paper

Thermograph

measures & records temperatures & humidity

Ceiling Light Beam

project light beams to the clouds

Clinometer

determines height of the cloud by distance of it to the ground

Ceiling Balloon

pilot/pibal, height of the cloud by clouds above ground

8-inch Rain gauge

diameter is 8 -inches above a funnel; conducts rain into a tube

Theodolite

measures wind speed & direction; attached to a pilot balloon

Sling Psychrometer

dry & wet bulb thermometer

Radiosonde

measures temperature, pressure, & relative humidity

Fire

rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light and reaction

Oxygen, heat & Fuel

referred to as “Fire triangle”

Flame

visible portion of the fire
carbon dioxide, water vapor, oxygen, & nitrogen

Class A

• Solids; common type of fuel; hard to eliminate

• Water extinguisher

• any kind of combustible material

Class B

• Liquids; cleaning fluids, solvents, fuels, inks, adhesives, & paints

• 21% of fatalities; 2% of fires

• Foam/Powder Extinguisher

Class C

• Gases ; natural gas, LPG

  • Dry Powder extinguisher

Class D

• metals ; sodium

• Dry Powder extinguishers

Electrical Fires

electricity, source of ignition than fuel

Class F/K

• cooking fats & oil
  deepfrying fat oil, spillages of flammable oils

• Wet chemical extinguishers or fire blanket

Water

Best cooling agent

Wet Chemical extinguishers

extinguishers for Class F/K fires

P.A.S.S

Pull Aim Squeeze Sweep

Community Preparedness

establishing a disaster preparation strategy in your community

Philippine Red Cross

Who said what are the essentials for a survival kit?

3 day supply for evacuation of Water

What is the amount needed of water?

2 weeks supply for home

What is the amount needed of water in home safety?

• Prevention

• Mitigation

• Adaption

Disaster Risk Reduction

• Preparedness

• Relief

• Recovery

Disaster Management

Risk Identification/Assessment

• Hazard Analysis & Monitoring

• Vulnerability analysis

• Determination of risk

Prevention & Mitigation

• Land Use Planning

• Land Management

• (Non) Structural Measures

Preparedness

• Early Warning

• Evacuation

• Emergency Planning

Recovery

• Rehabilitation

• Reconstruction

• Rescue Services

R.A 10121

Section 2. Declaration of Policy
Uphold peoples constitutional rights by addressing root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening country’s institutional capacity for disaster risk and building resilience of local communities including climate change impacts

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

another name of the R.A 10121 as stated in Section 1

The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework

What does the NDRRMC develop?

Every 5 years or as needed

How often is the NDRRMF reviewed and updated

Principal guide for disaster risk reduction and management

What role does the NDRRMF serve?

Section 6 of R.A 10121

Powers and Functions of the NDRRMC

Section 14 R.A 10121

Integration of Disaster Risk Reduction Education

DepEd, CHED, TESDA, & others

Which agencies are responsible for integrating DRR education?

Secondary and tertiary school curriculum

Where is DRR education integrated?

OCD, NYC, DOST, DENR, DILG, DOH, DSWD and others

Who do these agencies coordinate with for integration?

Barangay DRRMC

Who leads the disaster response in a barangay-level disaster?

If two or more barangays are affected?

When does the City/Municipal DRRMC take the lead?

If two or more cities/municipalities are affected

What level does the Provincial DRRMC coordinate the response?

NDDRMC

takes the lead if two or more regions are affected

LGU (Local Government Units)

Primary responders in disaster situations

National Disaster Reduction and Management Plan 2011-2028 (NDDRMP)

• build disaster-resilient communities and reduce disaster and climate risks

• enhance Disaster Preparedness and response capabilities at all levels

“Safer, adaptive, & disaster-resilient Filipino communities towards sustainable development”

Vision of the NDRRMP

R.A 9710

Magna Carta of Women

Protection and security during all phases of relief, recovery, rehabilitation and construction

What does Section 10 of the Magna Carta of Women ensure for women?

Humanitarian assistance, resource allocation, and early resettlement

What kind of assistance must the state provide to women during disasters?

Prevent Sexual Exploitation and Gender-based violence

How are women’s needs addressed under the Magna Carta of Women?

• Psychosocial support

• Livelihood assistance

• Education

• Comprehensive health services with pregnancy protection

What services are provided to women under the Magna Carta of Women?