The Heart - Terms to know

What is the endocardium?

Innermost layer of heart

What is the myocardium?

Middle muscular layer of heart and allows blood to pump to the body

What is the epicardium?

Outer layer of heart that protects it

Upper right chamber of the heart is where what is located?

Right atrium

Lower right chamber of the heart is where what is located?

Right ventricle

The left side of the heart has what type of blood?

Deoxygenated blood

The right side of the heart has what type of blood?

Oxygenated blood

The upper left chamber of the heart is called the what?

Left atrium

The lower left chamber of the heart is called the what?

Left ventricle

Pulmonary circulation circulates blood around three places. What are they? (____ to ____ to _____)

heart, lungs, heart

Systemic circulation circulates blood around two places. What are they? (___ to ___ )

heart to body

What are the five types of blood vessels?

Arteries, Arterioles, Veins, Venules, Capillaries

What are the arteries and what do they do?

Main branches that carry blood away from heart

What are the arterioles and what do they do?

Smaller branches that control blood flow into capillaries

What are the veins and what do they do?

Main branches that collect blood from capillaries

What are the venules and what do they do?

Smaller branches that return blood to heart

What are the capillaries and what do they do?

Tiny exchanging vessels that exchange oxygen, nutrients, and waste

What does below 7.35 pH in blood indicate?

Acidosis

What does below 7.00 pH in blood indicate?

Death

What is the normal pH in blood?

7.35 to 7.45

What does 7.45 to 7.8 pH in blood indicate?

Alkalosis

What does 7.8 to 9 pH in blood indicate?

Death

What are the five types of white blood cells?

Monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

What are the types of vein patterns most commonly seen?

H-Pattern, M-Pattern, Atypical

What are the four blood groups?

A, B, AB, O

What is the universal donor?

O-

What is the universal recepient?

AB+

What are the major 11 systems of the body?

Circulatory

Respiratory

Digestive

Muscular

Nervous

Endocrine

Skeletal

Immune

Integumentary

Lymphatic

Reproductive

What is the largest organ in the human body?

Skin

What is the epidermus?

Outer layer of skin with no active blood supply

What is the dermis?

Middle layer of skin which contains nerves, lymph nodes, and blood vessels

What is the subcutaneous?

Innermost layer of skin (mainly fatty parts)

What are integumentary disorders?

Conditions that affect the skin, hair, and nails

What does CNS stand for?

Central Nervous System

What does PNS stand for?

Peripheral Nervous System

The CNS includes what?

Brain, spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid

The PNS includes what?

Nerves that connect to CNS to the rest of the body

Where is the Cardiac (Muscular system) located and what does it do?

In the heart, responsible for pumping blood

What is the Skeletal (Muscular system) and what does it do?

Voluntary muscles attached to bones and allow movement

What is the Smooth (Muscular system)and what does it do?

Smooth muscles that are involuntary muscles that function automatically (digestive tract)

What does the urinary system consist of? (4 parts, 6 total organs)

Bladder, urethra, two ureters, and two kidneys