cpush review

Which 1929 event sparked a chain reaction that led to the Great Depression?

The stock market crashed.

What happened as a result of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff?

Foreign nations increased their tariffs in response, leading to a decline in trade

How did the Federal Reserve try to limit speculation in 1929?

by limiting the money supply

What happened in 1929 as a result of stock speculation?

Investors lost their expected profits and faced economic devastation.

Why did many banks fail in 1929?

Depositors withdrew their money all at once.

How did U.S. demographic patterns change during the 1930s?

City populations grew as farmers left their homes on the Great Plains in search of urban work.

What happened to some Mexican Americans during the Great Depression?

Government repatriation efforts forced them to return to Mexico.

How did the Great Depression affect employment in the United States?

Almost one fourth of all workers lost their jobs.

How did new farming methods in the 1920s impact the Great Plains?

They altered landscapes and made the land more vulnerable to drought.

How did the Great Depression affect European immigrants?

Thousands left the country for both voluntary and involuntary reasons.

Which policy did Huey Long support in opposition to the New Deal?

taxing corporations and the wealthy to redistribute income

Why was President Roosevelt's reform policy more successful than Hoover's approach?

It advocated strong leadership by the federal government.

What were Roosevelt's fireside chats?

radio speeches in which Roosevelt explained his policies and tried restore the confidence of Americans

How does the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation continue to affect the American public today?

It strengthens confidence in the financial system by insuring bank deposits.

Why did many conservatives criticize Roosevelt's New Deal?

They argued that the massive expansion of the government threatened individual liberty and the free market system.

Which factor threatens the viability of Social Security?

long-term funding

Why is the minimum wage controversial?

Opponents argue that when the minimum wage is increased, some businesses cut jobs to keep their labor costs the same which, then, contributes to unemployment.

How does Social Security affect Americans today?

It continues to give basic financial support to the elderly.

Why did the Supreme Court consider the National Industrial Recovery Act to be unconstitutional?

The Court ruled that the President does not have the power to regulate interstate commerce.

Why did many Americans criticize President Roosevelt for attempting to add new Justices to the Supreme Court?

They accused Roosevelt of trying to expand the executive branch's power.

Which factor contributed to the rise of a welfare state in the United States?

Americans received direct benefits from the federal government during the depression.

How did New Deal programs affect Americans during the 1930s?

They brought electricity to many families.

How did the Indian New Deal affect Native Americans?

It gave economic assistance and autonomy to Native Americans.

How did President Roosevelt help to expand the rights of African Americans?

He invited African Americans to serve as his unofficial advisors.

How did Eleanor Roosevelt contribute to women's rights?

She provided women with unprecedented access to the President.

Which cultural issue influenced Richard Wright to publish Native Son?

racial prejudice in the urban North

How did Woody Guthrie help people to understand the damaging effects of the Dust Bowl?

He sang songs that described the hardships of Okies.

Why were gangster films particularly popular during the 1930s?

They reflected the public's distrust of government.

What was the Federal Art Project?

a division of the Works Progress Administration that hired unemployed artists to create a variety of different kinds of art

How did Dorothea Lange represent Americans during the Great Depression?

She photographed impoverished farmers to document their struggles.

How did Hitler gain territory between 1930-1938?

through international pressure and intimidation

Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s?

British policy toward Germany

What did the dictators of totalitarian systems have in common?

desire for power and absolute control

Which series of events is arranged in the correct chronological order?

Hitler became chancellor; Spanish Civil War began; Munich Pact was signed.

One appeal of totalitarianism was the promise of

stable government

What was the effect of Hitler's blitzkrieg tactics?

Germany was able to take over much of Europe by 1940.

What did the Nazi-Soviet pact accomplish for Germany?

It allowed Germany to attack Poland with having to fight on two fronts.

Which argument sums up the difference between isolationists and interventionists regarding aid to the Allies?

Isolationists thought aid would bring us into war; interventionists thought aid would keep us out of the war.

What was the Atlantic Charter?

pact signed by Great Britain and the United States that endorsed certain principles for building a lasting peace and establishing free governments in the world

What was the importance of the Lend-Lease Act?

It showed the United States clearly supported the Allies.

What event led to the House and Senate voting to declare war?

Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor.

The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor because they wanted to

destroy ships and planes that threatened their expansion efforts.

How did WACs contribute to the American war effort?

WACs did important jobs, including driving trucks and clerical work, for the United States Army.

How did President Roosevelt lead the mobilization of the war effort?

He motivated Americans and established agencies to direct mobilization.

The Bataan Death March foreshadowed

the brutal nature of the war in the Pacific.

Why did Roosevelt and the other Allied leaders decide to pursue a "Europe First" strategy in the war?

They felt that Germany posed the greatest long-term threat to all parties involved.

Dwight D. Eisenhower was made Supreme Commander of Allied Forces following

his successful campaigns in North Africa and Sicily.

Admiral Nimitz was able to secure a decisive victory against the Japanese naval forces at the Battle of Midway because

U.S. code breakers had intercepted the Japanese plans.

The Tuskegee Airmen were

an African American air squadron that conducted bombing raids over Europe.

What were the reasons behind the U.S. assault on the island of Guadalcanal?

to force Japan into fighting a two-front war and gain strategic positions from which to attack.

The main function of the federal Office of War Information was to

generate support for the war effort and boost morale through the media.

How was the federal government able to borrow money from U.S. citizens?

through the sale of government issued war bonds

Why were Japanese Americans interned during World War II?

Without any significant factual evidence, the government perceived Japanese Americans as being a threat to national security.

What demographic effects did the war have on northern cities such as Detroit and Chicago?

A large number of African Americans migrated there from the South to work in the factories.

The so-called Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles in 1943 were a result of

racial tensions related to the huge influx of laborers from Mexico.

General Eisenhower was appointed Supreme Commander of Allied forces in Europe because

General Marshall was too valuable to remove from his position as Army Chief of Staff.

Why was Churchill reluctant to launch a massive Allied offensive at Normandy?

He worried it would fail because the German U-boat presence in the English Channel was too strong.

On April 30, 1945, Adolf Hitler

committed suicide in his bunker.

Audie Murphy famously received the Congressional Medal of Honor for

holding off a German offensive by himself after ordering his troops to withdraw.

Many of the scientists who developed the first atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project were

refugees who had fled from Nazi-occupied Europe.

The Nuremberg Laws

segregated Jews at every level of German society.

Kristallnacht is the name given to describe

the state sponsored attack on German Jews in 1938

What was the main result of the Wannsee Conference in January 1942?

The Nazis outlined their plan to systematically exterminate the Jewish population.

The War Refugee Board

was a government agency that worked with the Red Cross to rescue Jews in Eastern Europe.

In 1948, President Truman demonstrated major support for the Jewish cause by

officially recognizing the state of Israel.

At the Potsdam Conference, the

Allied Powers agreed to divide Germany into four zones of occupation.

The United Nations succeeded where the League of Nations failed largely due to

the participation of the United States.

Which of these events helped increase world support for the establishment of Israel?

the prosecution of Nazi war criminals in the Nuremberg Trials

The executive branch of the U.S. government was given unprecedented authority with

the passing of the War Powers Acts.

What position did Eleanor Roosevelt take up after the war?

chairman of the U.N. Commission on Human Rights

How did Truman's confrontation with Stalin at Potsdam affect the relationship between the United States and its allies?

It strengthened ties with Western Europe in opposition to the Soviets.

How did the Marshall Plan affect the United States?

It stimulated the economy and improved relations with Western Europe.

How did the formation of NATO affect the Soviet Union?

It strengthened the nations who were opposed to Soviet expansion.

Events in Greece and Turkey inspired the Truman Doctrine because

the Soviet Union was threatening to expand its influence.

Why was the Berlin Airlift considered a victory for the West in the Cold War?

The airlift symbolized popular resistance to further Soviet expansion in Europe.

Why did Soviet support of North Korea alarm the free world?

The Soviet Union had already expanded its influence in Europe.

What influenced Truman's decision to aid South Korea in the Korean War?

his assumption that a policy of appeasement would not discourage Soviet aggression in the region.

Why did the United States support the nationalist leader Jiang Jieshi during the Chinese civil war?

The Americans thought China might become a communist state in Asia.

How did U.S. involvement in the Korean War affect the U.S. economy?

It led to increased spending in support of the war effort.

How did U.S. involvement in the Korean War relate to the policy of containment?

The U.S. chose to support a country that might fall to communism.

How did the United States change its approach to science after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1 in 1957?

It established the National Defense Education Act in order to encourage scientific advancement in the United States.

How did the arms race affect Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union?

It escalated tensions with the threat of mutual nuclear destruction.

How did the launch of Sputnik 1 affect American perceptions of the Soviet Union?

It suggested that the Soviet Union might have the capability to launch missiles at American cities.

What led to the development of the hydrogen bomb in the United States?

The United States wanted to develop nuclear weapons that were superior to those of the Soviet Union.

What effect did the Soviet Union's brutal response to the Hungarian revolution have on the United States?

The United States realized that massive retaliation was useless in such situations.

How did McCarthyism intensify Cold War tensions?

McCarthyism deepened fear and mistrust among the American people.

How did the House Un-American Activities Committee intensify domestic tensions during the Cold War?

The Committee's public investigations led Americans to suspect one another.

How did Congress's decision to investigate communist activities in the United States affect average Americans?

Thousands of Americans were accused of being communists.

What was one result of the Federal Employee Loyalty Program?

President Truman ordered government agencies to perform political background checks.

The accusations against J. Robert Oppenheimer was an example of

guilt by association during the Red Scare.

A main reason why the standard of living improved in the United States was the

increased production of goods.

One major difference between Estee Lauder and other entrepreneurs of her time was that Lauder

sold her products only in upscale department stores.

How did the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 affect the nation's economy in the 1950s?

Home loans to veterans created a surge in house construction.

One of the effects of increased consumption after the war was the

inflation of prices due to low supply of goods.

What was one effect of the baby boom between 1940 and 1955?

Increasing consumption stimulated economic growth.

How did Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus's actions in the Little Rock crisis provoke a political conflict between state and federal governments?

He resisted the Supreme Court's Brown decision to desegregate, which forced President Eisenhower to send federal troops.

Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1957 significant?

It mandated the desegregation of all public schools.

How did Rosa Parks's actions redirect the tactics of the civil rights movement?

They inspired a mass movement of direct action to create political change.

How did the Hernandez v. Texas case affect the civil rights of Mexican Americans?

It meant that they could participate more fully in the justice system.

Thurgood Marshall changed the course of American history because he

showed that the "separate but equal" principle was unconstitutional.