HHD Unit 1 AOS 1

1946 WHO definition of health

a state of COMPLETE physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

More inclusive definition of health

An individual is able to realise goals and satisfy needs.

Can cope with the environment.

Well-being

Combination of physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, and social factors. It is how you feel about yourself and your life.

The five dimensions of health

Physical

Mental

Emotional

Social

Spiritual

(PMESS)

Physical health

The functioning of the body and it’s systems and capacity to perform daily tasks

Social health and wellbeing

Ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships and adapt to social situations

Emotional health and wellbeing

Able to identify, understand, manage and express emotions and ability to display resilience

Mental health and wellbeing

ability to form opinions, make decisions and use logic

Spiritual health and wellbeing

ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the mind and conscience of human beings

Physical health and wellbeing characteristics

\-functioning of the body and its systems

\-capacity to perform daily tasks or activities

\-Regular physical activity

\-balanced diet

\-sufficient sleep

Mental health and wellbeing characteristics

\-ability to form opinions, make decision and use logic

\-ability to think and process information

\-confidence and optimism

\-positive self-esteem

Emotional health and wellbeing characteristics

\-express feelings positively

\-display resilience

Social health and wellbeing characteristics

\-ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships

\-adapt to different social situations

\-support by family and community

\-strong communication skills

Spiritual health and wellbeing characteristics

\-ideas, beliefs, values and ethics

\-concepts of hope, peace, a sense of meaning or value

\-morals, values, a sense of purpose in life

\-connection or belonging

Emotional intelligence

\-ability to recognise and respond to one’s own emotions or the emotions of others

Describing the impact of something on someone’s health and well-being

\-link to a dimension

\-use characteristics

e.g. how does going to school affect someone’s health and well-being

\
Going to school means __participating in sport class.__ This can improve *levels of fitness,* promoting **physical health and well-being**.

__underline__- example

*italic-* characteristic

**Bold**- health dimension

SES

Socioeconomic status

Determines by combination of education, occupation and income

What causes a variation in perspectives of health

(SCARG)

socioeconomic status

culture

age

religion

gender

How does socioeconomic status influence the perspectives of health

\-lower socioeconomic groups are more likely to have less-informed opinion about health (e.g. more likely to smoke cigarettes and not be concerned about impact on health)

How does culture influence the perspectives of health

\-some cultures view health in a medical sense and will priorities medicines whereas other cultures may believe bad health is supernatural and promote prayer

How does age influence the perspectives of health

\-health and wellbeing perspectives become more complex as we get older

\-adults have a more holistic view of health and consider more dimensions than children

\-young adults are more focused on body image

how does religion influence the perspectives of health

\-different religions will prioritise different health dimensions

\-religions in general are likely to prioritise spiritual health and wellbeing

How does gender influence the perspective of health

\-females are typically more health conscious and have a more holistic view of health (consider more dimensions)

\-males often associate health with physical dimension with a focus on physical fitness

\-males are less likely to perceive themself as being at risk of illness or injury

What are the dimensions of health for aboriginal and torres strait islander people

physical health and wellbeing

social and emotional health and wellbeing (one dimension)

Culture

Connection to the land

How does aboriginal and torres strait islander people’s perspective on health differ to others

\-more focused on the whole community than the individual

\-has a whole-of-life view on life (more broad view)

\-prioritise culture and connection to the land

Health status

measurable aspects of H + W that allow judgments about the health status of individuals, groups or populations

Health status indicators

\-morbidity

\-core activity limitation

\-life expectancy

\-self-assessed health status

\-rates of hospitality

\-burden of disease

\-mortality

\-incidence and prevalence of health conditions

\-psychological distress

(my crazy little sister ruby bakes mice ice-cream pies)

morbidity

\-measures the effects of non-fatal conditions on a group (injury, illness, disease)

\-measured using YLD

core activity limitation

\-if there is difficulty in self-care, mobility or communication there is a core activity limitation

life expectancy

how long a person is expected to live

self-assessed health status

how someone assesses their own health status

rates of hospitalisation

the amount of people admitted to hospital due to unforeseen circumstances or chronic conditions

burden of disease

\-combines mortality and morbidity data

\-measures in DALY

mortality

\-level of death of a population

\-measured in YLL

incidence

number of new cases (usually within year)

prevalence

number of total cases

Psychological distress

unpleasant feelings that impact the functioning of an individual

YLD

\-Years of life lost due to disability

YLL

\-Years of life lost

DALY

\-disability-adjusted life years

\-1 DALY is one year of healthy life lost

Socio-cultural factors that contribute to variations in health status and health behaviours

\-peers

\-education

\-employment

\-income

\-family

\-access to health info

\-housing

(pee if a h)

Health behaviours

actions that impact health status

Peers

\-support

\-influence (good or bad)

education

\-gain knowledge and skills

\-more likely to act upon health promotion messages

employment

\-work conditions

\-working with different personalities

\-working in fast food (exposure to hot oil, water ect.)

income

\-impacts location of house

\-impacts what you have access to

family

\-provides environment where youth are raised

\-provides support for issues

access to health information

\-self-manage health and wellbeing

\-monitor symptoms

\-online info is good for people in remote locations

housing

\-overcrowding

\-household location

\-drinking quality water