Cell Bio Midterm - Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

Occurs in the cytoplasm,
turns glucose into 2 pyruvates,
net yield of 2 ATP and 2 NADH

Pyruvate oxidation

Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix,
pyruvate is turned into Acetyl CoA to be used in the Kreb’s cycle

Kreb’s cycle

Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix,
Acetyl CoA is fed into Kreb’s cycle,
each turn produces 2 CO2, 3 NADH, 1 FADH², 1 ATP

Electron Transport Chain

Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane,
the NADH and FADH donate electrons to the ETC

Electrons in the ETC

As electrons move through, they produce a positive H gradient. The energy from H diffusing down its concentration gradient provides the energy to make ATP

Oxygen

Final electron acceptor, makes water

When O2 is absent

1. Cells use lactic acid fermentation, which turns pyruvate into lactic acid

2. Alcoholic fermentation, which turns pyruvate into ethanol

Total ATP yield

32 (2 from glycolysis, 2 from krebs cycle, 28 from ETC)

Cellular Respiration Equation

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP