7 | Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the Blood
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25 Terms
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bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻)
The blood transports carbon dioxide mainly in the form of […].
70 percent
The blood carries approximately […] of carbon dioxide as bicarbonate.
23 percent
The blood carries approximately […] of carbon dioxide combined with hemoglobin.
7 percent
Less than […] of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma.
amino acid
When carbon dioxide binds with hemoglobin, it binds to an […].
iron-containing heme binding site
Carbon dioxide does not bind to the […] where oxygen binds.
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increased CO₂ production and/or decreased CO₂ elimination
Several factors influence carbon dioxide’s concentration in the blood including […].
minute volume
Hyperventilation lowers CO₂ levels and can be the result of an increased respiratory rate or deeper respiration, both of which increase the […].
fever
Causes of increased CO₂ production include […] muscle exertion, shivering, and metabolic processes resulting in the formation of metabolic acids.
muscle exertion
Causes of increased CO₂ production include fever, […] shivering, and metabolic processes resulting in the formation of metabolic acids.
shivering
Causes of increased CO₂ production include fever, muscle exertion, […] and metabolic processes resulting in the formation of metabolic acids.
metabolic processes resulting in the formation of metabolic acids
Causes of increased CO₂ production include fever, muscle exertion, shivering, and […].
decreased alveolar ventilation
Decreased CO₂ elimination (increased CO₂ levels in the blood) results from […].
hypoventilation
Common causes of decreased alveolar ventilation include […] due to respiratory depression by drugs/medications, airway obstruction, impairment of the respiratory muscles, and obstructive diseases such as asthma and emphysema.
respiratory depression by drugs/medications
Common causes of hypoventilation include […].
airway obstruction
Common causes of hypoventilation include […].
impairment of the respiratory muscles
Common causes of hypoventilation include […].
obstructive diseases such as asthma and emphysema
Common causes of hypoventilation include […].
hypercarbia
Increased CO₂ levels are usually treated by increasing the rate and/or volume of ventilation and by correcting the underlying cause. This condition is called […].
increasing the rate and/or volume of ventilation
Increased CO₂ levels (hypercarbia) are usually treated by […] and by correcting the underlying cause.
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