CRJ 225 - Community Policing Final

Peel's nine "principles of policing" emphasized:

Prevention of Crime

four general principles of community policing

problem solving, organizational transformation, partnerships, and community engagement

The broken windows phenomenon signifies

that people do not care about the neighborhood.

Which of the following is not one of the four general principles that define community policing

Reactive crime prevention

A model of law enforcement that addresses underlying problems rather than simply enforcing the law is referred to as

community policing

In relation to community policing and ethics, all of the following is true except

community policing models often foster more corruption than traditional law enforcement models.

Cohen and Feldberg include all of the following as ethical standards derived from the social contract except

efficiency

The four major themes of formal ethical codes for law enforcement include all except

education

The "blue curtain of secrecy" refers to

the practice of police officers to remain silent when fellow officers commit unethical actions

Miranda v. Arizona

a 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case, the Court ruled that law enforcement must inform suspects of their constitutional rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, before custodial interrogation. This landmark decision led to the widely known "Miranda warning".

What is the Mission of the Police?

To catch bad guys, prevent crime, maintain order and protect the public.

The police image is affect by

individual backgrounds, the media, and citizens' personal experiences with the criminal justice system

The media can greatly affect public opinion - the police image is affected by

the manner in which television and newspaper stories present crime and law enforcement activities.

CSI effect

The average citizens hold many mistaken beliefs about police work because of the proliferation of movies and television shows that "play fast and loose" with the truth

A factor that contributes to a negative police image and difficulty in maintaining good community relations is what police commonly refer to as

negative contacts

Negative contacts are

unpleasant interactions between the police and the public. They may or may not relate to criminal activity.

Police discretion is the

freedom to make choices among possible courses of actions or inaction, for example, to arrest or not arrest

in other words, use "professional judgment to choose from alternatives courses of action"

In Terry v. Ohio (1968)

The supreme court recognized the role that discretion plays in policing. It granted police authority to stop and question people in field interrogatories.

Research has been found this tactic to significantly reduce crime

What is the system operating in most states that removes juvenile status offenders and delinquents from the jurisdiction of the courts when possible?

Diversion

The social contract

Has been weakened by increased mobility and economic factors, provides each person must give up some freedom

Community, as defined by the text:

applies to a specific area and the individuals, organizations, and agencies in that area

Coleman saw the two most important elements in social capital as being

trustworthiness and obligations

The broken windows phenomenon signifies

that people don't care about the neighborhood

sense of community can be undetermined by

Increased violent crime, clashes between community groups, severe social disorganization (all of the above)

The theory that successful implementation of a crime-reduction initiative does not really prevent crime; instead. It just moves the crime to another area

displacement

hot spot policing

the phenomenon where offenders move their criminal activities to new locations or new times when their usual hotspots are subject to increased police presence or enforcement

According to the text, police opposition to civilian review boards occurs because

Civilians can't understand the complexities of police work

Civilian review boards pro

Outside perspectives can lead to accountability

Coleman saw the two most important elements in social capital as being

trustworthiness and obligations

A nationally recognized model developed to implement and facilitate the problem-solving consisting of four steps

SARA: Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment

Scanning

What is the problem?

Analysis

What is contributing to the problem?

Response

What can be do to improve?

Assessment

Did the Response work?

The least-effort principle proposes that

criminals tend to commit crimes near but not too close to their residence.

According to the text, community policing will require a change in

all of the above

What is among the most important considerations in successfully implementing the -community policing philosophy?

strong recruiting and selection of police personnel

When implementing the community policing philosophy, the proper order of steps to take is:

vision statement, mission statement, needs assessment, strategic planning.

When comparing community and team policing, both have:

a neighborhood focus.

Skills needed by officers in a problem-oriented police environment are:

Creativity and flexibility, Imagination and Intelligence

While all skills are important to a law enforcement officer, according the text, all of the -following skills are among the most important in the training of community policing -officers except:

firearms skills

collaboration

Occurs when a number of agencies and individuals make a commitment to work together and contribute resources to obtain a common, long-term solution.

Benefits to all stakeholders of participating in a partnership include:

1. A sense of accomplishment frm bettering the community.

2. Gaining recognition and respect.

3. Meeting other community members.

4. Learning new skills

5. Fulfilling an obligation to contribute

Stakeholders

People who have an interest if what happens in a particular situation. The people with an interest will change depending in the problem being addressed, but when possible the collaboration should reflect the diversity of the community.

Community courts

A neighborhood-focused court that offers an immediate, visible response to low level quality of life offenses that disrupt and degrade the community and provides an efficient way to process the most frequent types of complaints

When several agencies come together and share resources, this is an example of:

collaboration

A central goal of community policing and community partnership is:

establishing and maintaining mutual trust

Citizen police academies:

educate the public about the nature of police work

The Freedom of Information Act

does not allow police to restrict the free flow of information in cases where someone's safety could be jeopardized.

The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and state public records laws:

govern what police can and cannot disclose to the media

A soundbite:

7-12 sec; must contain good solid information

Common goal of the police and media

Serve the public

First Amendment

freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and the right to petition the government

Fourth Amendment

protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. It requires law enforcement to obtain a warrant based on probable cause before conducting a search or seizure, particularly describing the place to be searched and the items to be seized. However, there are exceptions to the warrant requirement, such as searches incident to a lawful arrest or during a vehicle stop with probable cause.

Sixth Amendment

outlines the rights of criminal defendants, ensuring a fair trial. It guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial, an impartial jury, the right to be informed of the charges, the right to confront witnesses, the right to obtain witnesses in one's defense, and the right to legal representation.

PIO (Public Information Officer)

Trained in public relations and assigned to disseminate information to the media

PIO skills

They must provide accurate, consistent information while controlling leads of confidential or inaccurate information and managing controversial or negative situations to the department’s benefit.

Most illicitly used drug

Marijuana

Gateway theory

refers to the idea that using one psychoactive substance increases the likelihood of using other substances, often more dangerous ones. This theory suggests that the initial substance can act as a stepping stone or gateway to further substance use.