People in history & Periods in history

aboriginal

（adjective） /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənl/ : thuộc thổ dân, gốc bản địa | VD: The museum features a collection of ancient ___ art. | Collo: ___ people, ___ culture

ancestor

（noun） /ˈænsestə(r)/ : tổ tiên | VD: His ___s came to America from Ireland in the 19th century. | Collo: common ___, distant ___

ancestry

（noun） /ˈænsestri/ : dòng dõi, tổ tiên | VD: She can trace her ___ back to the early French settlers. | Collo: royal ___, mixed ___

Anglo-Saxon

（noun） /ˌæŋɡləʊ ˈsæksn/ : người Ăng-lô Sắc-sông | VD: The ___s ruled England for several centuries before the Norman Conquest. | Collo: ___ period, ___ kingdoms

archer

（noun） /ˈɑːtʃə(r)/ : cung thủ | VD: Medieval ___s played a crucial role in winning the battle. | Collo: expert ___, troop of ___s

aristocracy

（noun） /ˌærɪˈstɒkrəsi/ : giai cấp quý tộc | VD: Members of the ___ held most of the land and political power. | Collo: landed ___, member of the ___

aristocrat

（noun） /ˈærɪstəkræt/ : người quý tộc | VD: The young ___ inherited a vast estate and a historic title. | Collo: wealthy ___, born an ___

barbarian

（noun） /bɑːˈbeəriən/ : kẻ man di, người dã man | VD: The Roman Empire faced frequent attacks from northern ___s. | Collo: ___ invasion, ___ tribes

baron

（noun） /ˈbærən/ : bá tước, ông trùm | VD: The king was forced to sign the treaty by a powerful group of ___s. | Collo: feudal ___, robber ___

cavalry

（noun） /ˈkævlri/ : kỵ binh | VD: The ___ charged across the field to break the enemy lines. | Collo: ___ officer, ___ charge

chaperone

（noun） /ˈʃæpərəʊn/ : người hộ tống, người giám hộ (phụ nữ trẻ thời xưa) | VD: In the Victorian era, a young lady could not go out without a ___. | Collo: act as a ___

conqueror

（noun） /ˈkɒŋkərə(r)/ : nhà chinh phạt, kẻ xâm lược | VD: William the Conqueror became the King of England in 1066. | Collo: ruthless ___, foreign ___

czar

（noun） /zɑː(r)/ : Nga hoàng (cách viết khác của tsar) | VD: Czar Nicholas II was the last emperor of Russia. | Collo: under the ___

descendant

（noun） /dɪˈsendənt/ : hậu duệ, con cháu | VD: Many local residents claim to be direct ___s of the ancient settlers. | Collo: direct ___, lineal ___

emperor

（noun） /ˈempərə(r)/ : hoàng đế | VD: Emperor Julius Caesar expanded the power and territory of Rome. | Collo: Roman ___, ruling ___

empress

（noun） /ˈemprəs/ : hoàng hậu, nữ hoàng | VD: Empress Catherine the Great ruled Russia during its golden age. | Collo: reigning ___

explorer

（noun） /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ : nhà thám hiểm | VD: Early European ___s sailed across the Atlantic in search of new lands. | Collo: famous ___, polar ___

gladiator

（noun） /ˈɡlædieɪtə(r)/ : đấu sĩ | VD: Gladiators fought against each other or wild beasts to entertain Roman crowds. | Collo: ___ combat, professional ___

griot

（noun） /ˈɡriːəʊ/ : người kể chuyện dân gian, sử gia truyền miệng (Tây Phi) | VD: The West African ___ maintained the historical records of the tribe through song. | Collo: traditional ___

historian

（noun） /hɪˈstɔːriən/ : nhà sử học | VD: Historians still debate the true causes of the empire's sudden collapse. | Collo: prominent ___, art ___

king

（noun） /kɪŋ/ : vua | VD: The old ___ ruled his country with fairness and wisdom for forty years. | Collo: crown a ___, serve the ___

kingdom

（noun） /ˈkɪŋdəm/ : vương quốc | VD: The small ___ was protected by vast mountains and fierce soldiers. | Collo: rule a ___, ancient ___

knight

（noun） /naɪt/ : hiệp sĩ | VD: The brave ___ rode his horse into battle to protect the castle. | Collo: medieval ___, loyal ___

majesty

（noun） /ˈmædʒəsti/ : hoàng thượng, đức vua, bệ hạ | VD: The foreign ambassador bowed low when he was presented to His Majesty. | Collo: Her Majesty, Your Majesty

noble

（noun） /ˈnəʊbl/ : người quý tộc | VD: The king gathered all the local ___s to plan the nation's defense. | Collo: rich ___, powerful ___

peasant

（noun） /ˈpeznt/ : nông dân, bần nông | VD: Most medieval ___s spent their entire lives working on the lord's land. | Collo: ___ revolt, poor ___

pilgrim

（noun） /ˈpɪlɡrɪm/ : người hành hương | VD: The Pilgrims sailed on the Mayflower to establish a new colony in America. | Collo: Pilgrim Fathers, religious ___

queen

（noun） /kwiːn/ : nữ hoàng, hoàng hậu | VD: Queen Victoria ruled the British Empire during a period of massive industrial growth. | Collo: reigning ___, crown ___

tsar

（noun） /zɑː(r)/ : Nga hoàng | VD: The political power of the absolute ___ came to an end during the revolution. | Collo: Russian ___

tsarina

（noun） /zɑːˈriːnə/ : hoàng hậu Nga | VD: The ___ was deeply involved in the charitable works of the royal court. | Collo: N/A

tzar

（noun） /zɑː(r)/ : Nga hoàng (cách viết khác của tsar) | VD: Historical documents detail the lavish lifestyle of the ancient ___. | Collo: N/A

AD

（abbreviation） /ˌeɪ ˈdiː/ : sau Công Nguyên | VD: The Roman Empire in the West fell in 476 ___. | Collo: N/A

age

（noun） /eɪdʒ/ : thời đại, kỷ nguyên | VD: We are currently living in the digital ___. | Collo: golden ___, bronze ___, iron ___

anachronism

（noun） /əˈnækrənɪzəm/ : sự lỗi thời, điều sai niên đại | VD: Showing a smartphone in a movie about the 1800s is a clear ___. | Collo: historical ___

anachronistic

（adjective） /əˌnækrəˈnɪstɪk/ : lỗi thời, sai niên đại | VD: The costumes in the play were completely ___ for the medieval setting. | Collo: highly ___

ancient

（adjective） /ˈeɪnʃənt/ : cổ đại | VD: Archaeologists love studying the ruins of ___ Rome and Greece. | Collo: ___ history, ___ civilization

anciently

（adverb） /ˈeɪnʃəntli/ : từ thời cổ đại, xa xưa | VD: The valley was ___ used as a burial ground for tribal kings. | Collo: N/A

Anglo-Saxon

（adjective） /ˌæŋɡləʊ ˈsæksn/ : thuộc thời Ăng-lô Sắc-sông | VD: They discovered a hoard of ___ coins buried in the field. | Collo: ___ era, ___ art

antiquity

（noun） /ænˈtɪkwəti/ : thời cổ đại, đời xưa | VD: Many beautiful statues have survived from classical ___. | Collo: classical ___, dating from ___

archaic

（adjective） /ɑːˈkeɪɪk/ : cổ xưa, thuộc thời đại xa xưa | VD: The museum exhibits several tools from the ___ period. | Collo: ___ period, ___ language

baroque

（adjective） /bəˈrɒk/ : thuộc thời kỳ Ba-rốc | VD: The church features stunning examples of ___ architecture. | Collo: ___ style, ___ period

BC

（abbreviation） /ˌbiː ˈsiː/ : trước Công Nguyên | VD: Julius Caesar was born in the year 100 ___. | Collo: N/A

BCE

（abbreviation） /ˌbiː siː ˈiː/ : trước Công Nguyên (thay cho BC) | VD: The ancient monument was constructed around 2500 ___. | Collo: N/A

belle époque

（noun） /ˌbel eˈpɒk/ : thời kỳ tươi đẹp (cuối TK 19 - TK 1) | VD: Europe experienced great peace and artistic growth during the ___. | Collo: N/A

Bronze Age

（noun） /ˈbrɒnz eɪdʒ/ : Thời kỳ đồ đồng | VD: During the ___, humans began making tools and weapons from copper and tin. | Collo: ___ settlements

bygone

（adjective） /ˈbaɪɡɒn/ : đã qua, thuộc về quá khứ | VD: The old photographs evoke memories of a ___ era. | Collo: ___ era, ___ days

c

（abbreviation） /seka/ : khoảng, xấp xỉ (viết tắt của circa) | VD: The famous portrait was painted ___. 1505 by a lo___al artist. | Collo: N/A

Cambrian

（adjective） /ˈkæmbriən/ : thuộc kỷ Cambri | VD: Massive biological diversification occurred during the ___ explosion. | Collo: ___ period, ___ explosion

Cambrian

（noun） /ˈkæmbriən/ : kỷ Cambri | VD: Rocks from the ___ are packed with early marine fossils. | Collo: N/A

carboniferous

（adjective） /ˌkɑːbəˈnɪfərəs/ : thuộc kỷ Than đá | VD: Great coal swamps covered the earth during the ___ period. | Collo: ___ period

CE

（abbreviation） /ˌsiː ˈiː/ : sau Công Nguyên (thay cho AD) | VD: The university was founded in the 12th century ___. | Collo: N/A

Celtic

（adjective） /ˈkeltɪk/ : thuộc về người Xen-tơ | VD: Scholars found many gold ornaments from the ancient ___ iron age. | Collo: ___ culture, ___ tribes

century

（noun） /ˈsentʃəri/ : thế kỷ | VD: The castle was originally constructed back in the 14th ___. | Collo: turn of the ___, mid-___

chapter

（noun） /ˈtʃæptə(r)/ : chương (sử), giai đoạn | VD: The signing of the peace treaty opened a new ___ in global history. | Collo: a dark ___, a new ___

Christian era

（noun） /ˌkrɪstʃən ˈɪərə/ : kỷ nguyên Kitô giáo / Công Nguyên | VD: This system of dating events started at the beginning of the ___. | Collo: N/A

circa

（preposition） /ˈsɜːkə/ : vào khoảng, xấp xỉ | VD: The historic timber fortress was built ___ 1150. | Collo: N/A

civilization

（noun） /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ : nền văn minh | VD: The Indus Valley ___ is one of the oldest in the world. | Collo: ancient ___, Western ___

classical

（adjective） /ˈklæsɪkl/ : cổ điển, thuộc Hy Lạp-La Mã cổ đại | VD: Students can choose to study ___ history and languages. | Collo: ___ world, ___ period

commonwealth

（noun） /ˈkɒmənwelθ/ : thời kỳ Cộng hòa (Anh 1649–1660) | VD: England was declared a ___ after the execution of the king. | Collo: N/A

contemporary

（adjective） /kənˈtemprəri/ : đương đại, cùng thời | VD: Historians rely heavily on ___ accounts written during the war. | Collo: ___ source, ___ history

continental drift

（noun） /ˌkɒntɪnentl ˈdrɪft/ : sự trôi dạt lục địa | VD: Continental drift altered the Earth's geography over millions of years. | Collo: theory of ___

Cretaceous

（adjective） /krɪˈteɪʃəs/ : thuộc kỷ Phấn trắng | VD: Dinosaurs became completely extinct at the end of the ___ period. | Collo: ___ period

Cretaceous

（noun） /krɪˈteɪʃəs/ : kỷ Phấn trắng | VD: Tyrannosaurus Rex roamed the land during the late ___. | Collo: N/A

dark ages

（noun） /ˌdɑːk ˈeɪdʒɪz/ : thời kỳ tăm tối | VD: Knowledge and literacy declined significantly during the early Dark Ages. | Collo: in the Dark Ages

date

（noun） /deɪt/ : ngày tháng, niên đại | VD: Historians are trying to establish the exact ___ of the battle. | Collo: fix/set a ___, ___ of birth

day

（noun） /deɪ/ : thời kỳ, thời đại | VD: In the ___s of the Roman Empire, roads connected all major cities. | Collo: back in the ___, in the ___s of

enlightenment

（noun） /ɪnˈlaɪtnmənt/ : Phong trào Khai sáng | VD: Science and reason flourished across Europe during the Enlightenment. | Collo: Age of Enlightenment

epoch

（noun） /ˈiːpɒk/ : kỷ nguyên, thời kỳ | VD: The fall of the Berlin Wall marked the beginning of a new geopolitical ___. | Collo: a new ___, ___ in history

epoch-making

（adjective） /ˈiːpɒk ˌmeɪkɪŋ/ : mang tính thời đại, bước ngoặt | VD: The invention of the steam engine was an ___ event. | Collo: ___ discovery

era

（noun） /ˈɪərə/ : thời đại, kỷ nguyên | VD: The Victorian ___ saw rapid industrial expansion and social change. | Collo: usher in an ___, golden ___

feudal

（adjective） /ˈfjuːdl/ : thuộc chế độ phong kiến | VD: Peasants had very limited rights under the traditional ___ system. | Collo: ___ system, ___ lord

feudalism

（noun） /ˈfjuːdəlɪzəm/ : chế độ phong kiến | VD: Feudalism was the dominant social structure in medieval Europe. | Collo: rise/decline of ___

former

（adjective） /ˈfɔːmə(r)/ : cựu, trước đây | VD: The ___ president attended the memorial service at the cathedral. | Collo: ___ glory, ___ times

formerly

（adverb） /ˈfɔːməli/ : trước đây | VD: The historic building was ___ used as a royal palace. | Collo: N/A

generation

（noun） /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ : thế hệ | VD: Stories about the revolution have been passed down from ___ to ___. | Collo: future ___s, older ___

Georgian

（adjective） /ˈdʒɔːdʒən/ : thuộc thời kỳ vua George (Anh) | VD: The city center is famous for its beautiful ___ terrace houses. | Collo: ___ era, ___ architecture

golden age

（noun） /ˌɡəʊldən ˈeɪdʒ/ : thời kỳ hoàng kim | VD: The 5th century BC is often called the ___ of Athens. | Collo: enter a ___

Hellenistic

（adjective） /ˌheləˈnɪstɪk/ : thuộc thời kỳ Hy Lạp hóa | VD: Greek culture spread rapidly across Asia during the ___ period. | Collo: ___ period, ___ world

ice age

（noun） /ˈaɪs eɪdʒ/ : thời kỳ băng hà | VD: Early humans had to adapt to extreme cold during the last ___. | Collo: enter an ___

Industrial Revolution

（noun） /ɪnˌdʌstriəl ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ : Cách mạng Công nghiệp | VD: The ___ shifted rural populations into growing cities. | Collo: during the ___

Iron Age

（noun） /ˈaɪən eɪdʒ/ : Thời kỳ đồ sắt | VD: ___ tribes developed advanced metalworking skills to forge weapons. | Collo: ___ fort

Jurassic

（adjective） /dʒuˈræsɪk/ : thuộc kỷ Jura | VD: Giant plant-eating dinosaurs dominated the landscape in the ___ period. | Collo: ___ period

Jurassic

（noun） /dʒuˈræsɪk/ : kỷ Jura | VD: Many iconic dinosaur species first evolved during the ___. | Collo: N/A

mediaeval

（adjective） /ˌmediˈiːvl/ : thuộc thời trung cổ (cách viết khác) | VD: The museum displays a unique collection of ___ weaponry. | Collo: N/A

medieval

（adjective） /ˌmediˈiːvl/ : thuộc thời trung cổ | VD: Knights and castles are defining features of ___ Europe. | Collo: ___ history, ___ town

Middle Ages

（noun） /ðə ˈmɪdl eɪdʒɪz/ : Thời Trung cổ | VD: The ___ spans the period from the 5th to the 15th century. | Collo: in the ___, early ___

modern

（adjective） /ˈmɒdn/ : hiện đại, cận-hiện đại | VD: Gutenberg's printing press marked the start of ___ history. | Collo: ___ history, ___ era

Neanderthal

（noun） /niˈændətɑːl/ : người Neanderthal | VD: ___s lived in Europe and Asia before becoming extinct. | Collo: N/A

Neanderthal

（adjective） /niˈændətɑːl/ : thuộc người/thời Neanderthal | VD: Researchers found ___ tools inside the remote mountain cave. | Collo: ___ man

Neolithic

（adjective） /ˌniːəˈlɪθɪk/ : thuộc thời kỳ đồ đá mới | VD: Farming first emerged during the transition to the ___ era. | Collo: ___ period, ___ revolution

origin

（noun） /ˈɒrɪdʒɪn/ : nguồn gốc, căn nguyên | VD: Historians explore the ___s of democratic governing systems. | Collo: trace the ___s, point of ___

past

（adjective） /pɑːst/ : đã qua, quá khứ | VD: We can learn valuable lessons from the mistakes of ___ generations. | Collo: in ___ times, ___ history

past

（noun） /pɑːst/ : quá khứ | VD: Artifacts help us connect with the lives of people in the ___. | Collo: in the ___, dig up the ___

period

（noun） /ˈpɪəriəd/ : thời kỳ, giai đoạn | VD: The postwar ___ was marked by rapid economic rebuilding. | Collo: historical ___, transitional ___

period

（adjective） /ˈpɪəriəd/ : thuộc về một thời kỳ lịch sử | VD: The actors wore authentic ___ costume for the drama series. | Collo: ___ drama, ___ costume

period piece

（noun） /ˈpɪəriəd piːs/ : tác phẩm/phim thời kỳ lịch sử | VD: The film is a beautifully crafted ___ set in the 1920s. | Collo: N/A

prehistory

（noun） /ˌpriːˈhɪstri/ : thời tiền sử | VD: Cave paintings offer a rare glimpse into human ___. | Collo: ancient ___

primaeval

（adjective） /praɪˈmiːvl/ : nguyên thủy, thái cổ (cách viết khác) | VD: The island is covered in lush, untouched ___ forests. | Collo: N/A

primeval

（adjective） /praɪˈmiːvl/ : nguyên thủy, thái cổ | VD: Oceans covered the surface of the planet during ___ times. | Collo: ___ slime, ___ urge

primitive

（adjective） /ˈprɪmətɪv/ : nguyên thủy, thô sơ | VD: Early humans carved ___ tools from stones and animal bones. | Collo: ___ man, ___ society