Long Bone Anatomy + Face/Skull Bones

epiphysis

rounded ends of bone; facilitates joint movement; contains spongy bone

diaphysis

bone shaft; contains medullary cavity; long space w/ vessels and yellow bone marrow; composed of compact bone

articular cartilage

covers knee and hip joints; smooth lubricated surface for joint movement; type of hyaline cartilage

periosteum

covers entire bone except knee and hip joints; vascular (full of blood cells); allows blood and nutrients to enter long bone

compact bone

around perimeter of diaphysis; dense; surrounds medullary cavity; provides weight-bearing support

spongy bone

organized in honeycomb-like framework (trabeculae); found in epiphysis; provides flexibility, supports shift in weight

medullary cavity

long space filled w/ vessels and yellow bone marrow

yellow bone marrow

soft, spongy tissue in central cavities of long bone that primarily stores fat and provides energy reserves

red bone marrow

soft, spongy tissue that creates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

hyaline cartilage

type of connective tissue; provides flexible support and reduces friction in joints

epiphyseal plate

aka growth plate; thin layer of hyaline cartilage located at ends of long bones in children/adolescents; allows bones to grow longer

metaphysis

wide, flared section of long bone between diaphysis and epiphysis; helps bones grow longer, includes epiphyseal plate

frontal bone

mandible

maxilla

nasal bones

parietal bone

temporal bone

zygomatic bone

occipital bone

sphenoid bone

zygomatic process

coronal suture

squamos suture

lambdoid suture