Biomass (solid)

Biomass

Any plant mass harvestable for conversion to fuel, including animal and human wastes.

Primary Production

The mass of biomass produced per area, influenced by photosynthesis and environmental factors.

Photosynthesis

The process of converting electromagnetic energy into chemical energy (carbohydrates).

Energy Limits

The theoretical total biomass energy is less than 10% of total current energy use, considering energy costs for cultivation and processing.

Historical Use of Wood

Wood was a primary energy source for smelting, heating, and industrial processes throughout history.

Energy Poverty

A condition where 2.1-2.7 billion people rely on biomass as their primary domestic energy source, often in less developed countries.

Energy Ladder

A theory suggesting that as income increases, households transition to cleaner energy sources.

Indoor Air Pollution

Health risks associated with biomass use, linked to respiratory infections and diseases.

PM-10

Particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 micrometers, regulated by the US EPA for air quality.

Global Mortality

Approximately 1.6 million deaths in 2000 were attributed to indoor air pollution, primarily affecting children.

Sub-Saharan Africa Predictions

If trends continue, around 9.8 million people may die prematurely by 2030 due to biomass use.

Fuel-Stove Combinations

Policies promoting the switch from wood or dung to cleaner fuels like charcoal or kerosene.

Decentralized Solar PV

Off-grid solar solutions for lighting, cooking, and refrigeration as alternatives to biomass.

Emerging Issues

Challenges in determining the best solutions for energy access, social acceptance, and political resistance.

Sustainable Development Goal 7

Aiming for universal access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy services by 2030.