Colorado POST (Test 5)

CLASS: ID and collection of evidence

10/6/2016

Blood stain pattern analysis is dependent on what it hits

TRUE

Are you as a patrol officer, skilled enough to know if a latent print is of any value or not?

NO

What is the legal rule that you submit the original evidence?

Best evidence rule

What are the three sources of evidence?

Victim, Suspect, Crime Scene (Evidence Triangle)

Who is in charge of the crime scene?

The first officer on scene until relieved

What are the three cardinal rules of protecting and preserving the evidence at a crime scene?

Don't touch anything, Control Access, Document items that have been disturbed

How would you find the choke and barrel length of a shotgun?

Shot Pattern

Blood stain pattern analysis depends on what two things?

Surface, Plane surface exists

What does a bullet hole through a window look like?

Cone shaped. Small on entry, large on exit

What is a standard of comparison?

Something that you know where it came from. You know the source to compare your evidence to

How are you going to mark items on evidence?

Some kind of personal mark. Name/Date/Case Number

How do you package items of evidence?

Individually

What does maintaining the chain of evidence mean?

Accounting for the evidence from time of discovery to time of presentation in court

Evidence that establishes the fact that a crime has been committed is what?

Corpus Delecti

Physical evidence that clears one of blame is

Exculpatory

Evidence that indicates that someone is innocent is

Inculpatory

Evidence that is established by law is

Prima Facie

Evidence that tends to incriminate someone is

Circumstantial

What kind of evidence is the size and shape of a tool mark

Class Evidence

Can you make personal identification based on FINGERPRINTS?

Yes

Can you make personal identification based on VOICE prints?

No

Can you make personal identification based on BLOOD TYPE?

No

Can you make personal identification based on DNA?

Yes

Where can you find DNA in the human body?

Everywhere except for mature red bloodcells

What do you use an alternate light source for?

Invisible Evidence

When a bullet goes through a body, can it veer even though it does not strike a bone?

Yes

What is the infectious disease that poses the LEAST threat to us?

AIDS

What is evidence that is vital to the investigation of the case?

Probative Evidence

Are most property units well controlled?

No

If you are going to use the same tool to collect different evidence, what must you do?

Clean and disinfect before each use

What are legal ways to transport evidence?

FedEx, Air Express, Priority Mail, etc. Must have signature upon delivery

CLASS: Ethics &Anti Bias

10/10/2016

Discretion is the authority to make decisions of policy and practice. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

One definition of culture is within a group, culture is what everyone knows that everyone else knows. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

Isolation is...

C. Experience of members of a subculture that separates them (and their subculture) from the surrounding society

INTENTIONAL biased policing is...

The CONSCIOUS use of race/ethnicity as the ONLY factor in assessing criminal suspiciousness

Prejudice

Prejudging or making a decision about a person or group without sufficient knowledge

No one is born with good character. TRUE or FALSE

TRUE

What is the definition of ethics?

The philosophy dealing with the nature of good or bad

In 2009, more LEO officers died in the line of duty than committing suicide. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE

The mission of police is...

Apprehension of perpetrators, crime prevention, and law enforcement

In criminal profiling, the investigation is based on stereotypes. TRUE or FALSE

FALSE

Schedule I drugs

...

Schedule II drugs

HIGH potential for abuse, SEVERE restrictions. SEVERE psychological or physical dependence

Schedule III drugs

ACCEPTED medical use. MODERATE to LOW physical/psychological dependence

Administer

To apply a controlled substance, by a PRACTITIONER

Dispense

To UNLAWFULLY deliver to the end user

Distribute

To UNLAWFULLY deliver a controlled substance with or without remuneration

Manufacture

TO UNLAWFULLY produce, prepare, process

Remuneration

Anything of value to include "SERVICES"

Knowingly

Most common culpable mental state in drug cases (Defendant is aware of conduct)

Special Offender 18-18-407

On or within 1,000 feet of any public/private school grounds

On or within 1,000 feet of any public housing development

Drug felonies levels starts at

4+ Ounces of marijuana
2+ Ounces of marijuana concentrate
6+ Plants (cultivation)

Drug misdemeanor levels

Up to 4 ounces marijuana
Up to 2 ounces marijuana concentrate
Not more than 6 plants

18-18-406.2 Unlawful sale/distribution/manufacturing/dispensing/cultivation

ANY AMOUNT of:
* Synthetic Cannabanoids
* Salvia Divinorum
*DF-3
*DF-2

Synthetic Cannabanoids DO NOT fall under MMJ

18-18-406.3 MMJ - Unlawful Acts (Misd)

Releases or makes public any confidential record or information without authorization of card holder or medical authority. THIS INCLUDES COPS AND THE REPORTS WE WRITE!!

MMJ

No more than 2 ounces marijuana
Not more than 6 plants total
Only three plants may be mature

18-18-415 Fraud & Deceit

Also known as prescription fraud

18-18-428 Posession of Drug Paraphernalia

Indlues:
*Residue
*Proximity to drugs
*Statement by owner
*Any legal use for the object

Stimulants - Illicit

Cocaine - Powder or Crack (Base).

Most powerful NATURAL stimulant known

Cocaine - Manufacturing Crack

Crack is a small off white colored "rock"

Stimulants - Amphetamine

Majority is made in Mexico
*High potency
*High volume
*Can be smoked, snorted, or injected

Unlike Cocaine, it is SYNTHETIC

Amphetamine - Types of labs

Operational (EXTREMELY DANGEROUS)

Non-operational

Boxed lab

Depressants

Most commonly abuse form of depressants is alcohol

Cannabis - Marijuana

THC levels increasing
*> 30% potency
*New strains
*Better genetic "engineering"

Narcotic Analgesics

Colorado #2 nationally for abuse rate of Rx drugs. Heroin is a cost effective option from Rx

Hallucinogens - Synthetic - LSD

Caution: Can pass through skin upon contact

Phenycyclidine - PCP

Caution: Can pass through skin upon contact

Identification of suspects

10/17/2016

Identification of suspects may be developed through...

Information provided by victims and witnesses
Physical evidence left at crime scene
Police and other agencies' files

Psychological profiling of a suspect attempts to identify a suspect's mental, emotional, and psychological charactaristics

TRUE

The FBI's NCIC contains criminal fingerprint records, information on wanted criminals, and stolen property including vehicles

TRUE

According US vs Ash, a suspect has the right to an attorney during a photographic lineup

FALSE

Prior to showing a photo lineup, you inform the witnesses that...

That they don't need to identify anyone

A field identification is conducted when...

suspect is detained within a reasonable amount of time, and the investigation is on-going. Critical element is time, 15-20 minutes

An informant's identity may be revealed when...

The informant was a participant in the offense

A court order 41.1 to obtain non testimonial evidence may be obtained

When reasonable grounds exist, not amounting to probable cause

What is the minimum amount of persons that should be used in a lineup?

6

What is the most critical element when doing a field ID?

Time

A suspect has the right to have a lawyer present for a physical lineup which includes the suspect

TRUE

If you have multiple witnesses, you must show a photo lineup to all witnesses, and it must be the same lineup

FALSE

Source for records outside the police department that will allow you to search name and address include...

Dept. Motor Vehicles
County Records
State Gaming Division
Utilities
(ALL)

When identifying a suspect by photographic identification, officers should

Use several photographs of people resembling each other

Using a suspect in a lineup violates...

Neither (not a violation)

Shmerber decided that a suspect must submit to...

All of the above

In a field ID, the suspect has a right to...

Right to refuse to speak

A field identification must be...

Can be made by witnesses at the location

Lineups generally have...

5 or more

A photographic lineup is used when...

Any of the above

Kirby v. Illinois established that suspects...

Do not have the right to a lawyer at field identification

Officers can assist witnesses describe suspects by...

Using an identification diagram
Using very specific questions