gov type shit (Unit 2)

uh huh

What did colonists see in an ordered government?

A government in which local governments established were based off those known out of England; many still exist today

What did colonists see in a limited government?

the belief that government should be restricted and that individuals had certain, unalienable rights

What did colonists see in a representative government?

a government that serves the will of the people

What were 3 influential Documents and ideas?

The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights

What is the Magna Carta?

A Document signed in 1215 by King John intended to limit the power of the King; included guarantees of fundamental rights such as trial by jury and due process

What was the Petition of Right?

A document signed by Charles I that intended to limit the king’s power; Demanded that the king is no longer able to imprison individuals without lawful judgment by his peers, is no longer able to impose martial law, and is no longer able to require homeowners to shelter troops without consent

What was the English Bill of Rights?

A document that Included rights such as right to a fair trial, freedom from excessive bail, and freedom from cruel and unusual punishment

How were the three types of colonies described?

They were described as “schools of government,” because they were the settings in which Americans first began to learn the difficult art of government.

What were the three types of colonies?

Royal, Proprietary, and Charter

What were royal colonies?

Colonies that were subject to direct control of the crown; Chief executive of these colonies, along with an advisory board was appointed by the king; 8/13

What were proprietary colonies?

Colonies that were organized by a proprietor (legal owner of a property; chosen by a governor) who was given a grant of land by the king; 3/13

What were charter colonies?

Colonies that were founded using charters; Representatives were elected in each of these colonies; 2/13

What was the New England Confederation and when was it established/dissolved?

established by the Massachusetts Bay Plymouth, New Haven, and Connecticut Settlements; was a “league of friendship” for defense against Native American tribes; dissolved in 1684

What was the Albany Plan?

Proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754; Plan proposed a congress of delegates from all 13 colonies that would have the power to raise militaries, control relations with Native Americans, and tax and collect customs duties

What was the Stamp Act Congress?

A law passed in 1765 that required the use of tax stamps on all legal documents, certain business agreements, and newspapers; led to the Boston Massacre in 1770

Why was the First Continental Congress established?

This was established in response to the Intolerable Acts; prompting widespread calls for a meeting of the colonies

Why was the First Continental Congress established?

This was established in response to the stricter and more repressive measures the British government implemented in response to the Declaration of Rights

Properties of the First National Government?

Comprised of the Second Continental Congress (T. Jefferson, B. Franklin, J. Hancock + others); unicameral (one house congress) with legislative and executive powers; each state had one vote

Who proposed and who wrote the DoI?

Richard Henry Lee proposed the idea, and Thomas Jefferson wrote the DoI; focused on natural rights and the social contract theory; first document for human rights and equal government

When was the DoI agreed to and signed?

July 2nd / July 4th

How did Massachusetts set an example for constitutions?

It set an example by submitting its work to voters for ratification; the oldest present-day constitution

What were common features of the first state consistitions?

Popular sovereignty (people are the source of any and all government power), limited government, civil rights and liberties, separation of powers, and checks and balances

What were the Articles of Confederation?

Established a unicameral (one house) government with only a legislature (congress); Committees of congress were formed to handle executive and judicial duties

What were the congressional powers?

Make war and peace • Send and receive ambassadors • Make treaties • Establish a monetary system and borrow money • Establish a post office • Build a navy and raise an army by asking the States for troops • Fix standards of weights and measures • Settle disputes among the States

How were states represented under the AoC

they agreed to obey The Articles and Congress • required to provide funds and troops requested by Congress, treat citizens of other States fairly, and give full faith and credit to public acts and records • All other duties belonged to the States

What were the weaknesses of the AoC

They were very weak with the powers given to congress; congress was extremely limited