Reading and Writing Skills Lecture Overview

These flashcards cover key topics from skimming and scanning, context clues, distinguishing fact from opinion, core writing skills, paragraph development, and essay writing structures and types.

What is the primary goal of skimming when reading a text?

To grasp the general idea or gist without reading every word.

Name two situations where skimming is especially useful.

Previewing a textbook chapter and reviewing a passage before a test (also: checking relevance for research).

Which four text features should you focus on to skim effectively?

Titles/headings, introductory and concluding paragraphs, bold or italicized words, and the first sentence of each paragraph.

When skimming a newspaper article, which parts would you most likely read?

The headline, lead paragraph, and key subheadings.

What is the main purpose of scanning a text?

To locate specific information or details quickly.

Give three scenarios in which scanning would be the best reading strategy.

Looking for a date, name, or number; finding answers in a test; searching for definitions in a glossary or dictionary.

Before you begin scanning, what must you know?

The specific information (keyword, number, or detail) you are looking for.

How does reading speed generally compare between skimming and scanning?

Scanning is typically faster than skimming.

Which strategy—skimming or scanning—requires reading selectively to understand overall structure?

Skimming.

List two reasons why mastering skimming and scanning is important for students.

They save time while studying and improve comprehension by focusing on key information.

What are context clues in reading comprehension?

Hints within a sentence or paragraph that help readers infer the meaning of unfamiliar words.

Which type of context clue directly defines the unfamiliar word within the sentence?

Definition clue.

Provide an example of a context clue that relies on synonyms.

"The boy was elated, or very happy, when he saw his test score." (Synonym clue).

Which context clue type contrasts the unfamiliar word with its opposite?

Antonym/Contrast clue.

What kind of context clue is used when specific examples such as "sun, moon, and stars" explain the term "celestial bodies"?

Example clue.

If a reader must deduce meaning from surrounding information, which context clue are they using?

Inference clue.

Why is discerning fact from opinion a critical reading skill?

It helps readers evaluate credibility, avoid bias, and make informed judgments.

Define a fact in the context of reading evaluation.

A statement that can be proven true or false through evidence.

Give two clue words that often signal an opinion.

"I believe" and "in my opinion" (also: "I think," "best," "worst," etc.).

Name the three core skills in writing outlined in the lecture.

Organization, Clarity, and Coherence & Cohesion.

What are two essentials for effective writing besides a clear thesis?

Logical structure and supporting evidence/examples (also: proper grammar and mechanics).

List the five stages of the writing process mentioned in the notes.

Prewriting, Drafting, Revising, Editing, and Publishing.

What three components create a well-developed paragraph?

Unity (topic sentence), supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence.

Which pattern of paragraph development explains reasons and results?

Cause and Effect.

What is the primary purpose of a descriptive paragraph?

To paint a vivid picture using sensory details.

Identify the three major parts of a standard essay.

Introduction, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusion.

Name two elements typically found in an essay’s introduction.

A hook (attention-getter) and the thesis statement (plus any needed background).

Which type of essay aims to convince readers of a particular viewpoint?

Persuasive/Argumentative essay.

How does writing essays benefit learners beyond academic settings?

It improves their ability to express ideas clearly, logically, and creatively, aiding real-world communication.