Surgical Skills - Exam 4

What is the ear tip?

pinna

What is the ear drum?

tympanic membrane

What refers to the right ear?

auris dextra (AD)

What refers to the left ear?

auris sinistra (AS)

What refers to both ears?

auris utraque (AU)

What is a hematoma within the auricular cartilage?

aural hematoma

How is an aural hematoma corrected?

incision drainage

Where should the incision be placed to correct an aural hematoma?

concave surface of pinna

How long do the bandage and sutures stay after correcting an aural hematoma?

3 weeks

What is the goal of aural hematoma surgery?

alleviate hematoma and prevent recurrence

What is a TECA-BO?

Total ear canal ablation and bulla osteotomy

What indicates facial nerve damage?

inability to blink

pupils are different sizes (anisocoria)

lip drooping

eyelid drooping

What refers to the right eye?

oculus dexter (OD)

What refers to the left eye?

oculus sinister (OS)

What refers to both eyes?

oculus uterque (OU)

What is tear production?

lacrimation

What is squinting or blinking excessively?

blepharospasm

What is light sensitivity?

photophobia

What is pulling back the eyelid, third eyelid protrusion?

enophthalmos

What is an inflamed conjunctiva?

conjunctivitis

What is when the eyelid rolls inward?

entropion

What is when the eyelid rolls out?

ectropion

Never use what in or around the eye when prepping?

chlorhexidine

What is acceptable to use when cleaning the periocular area before surgery?

1:50 dilute povidone-iodine

1:3 dilute baby shampoo

When should warm compresses be started for post op care for eyelid surgery?

2 days after surgery

When should a recheck be done after eyelid surgery?

10-14 days

What is the name of the procedure to surgically correct entropion?

holtz-celsus procedure

Are eyelid masses in dogs usually benign or malignant?

benign

What is the most common eyelid mass in dogs?

Meibomian gland adenoma

Are eyelid masses in cats usually benign or malignant?

malignant

What is the most common eyelid mass in cats?

squamous cell carcinoma

What recumbency should a patient be in for eyelid mass surgery?

sternal or lateral

What is a prolapse of the third eyelid gland?

cherry eye

What procedure is used to correct cherry eye?

morgan pocket technique

Should you remove the third eyelid to treat cherry eye?

no

Which laser will not contact tissue and intensity is controlled by distance and length of exposure?

CO2 lasers

Which laser may contact tissues and can cause more collateral tissue damage?

diode

What are workplace hazards associated with lasers?

corneal or retinal damage

burns or incisions

smoke hazards

fire hazards

What PPE is required in the OR when lasers are being used?

wavelength goggles

gloves and gowns

laser mask

How are scopes and light cables sterilized?

gas or cold sterilization

What is a minimally invasive abdominal surgery?

laparoscopy

What minimally invasive procedure is done to explore, flush, or treat joint lesions and uses a shorter, smaller scope than a laparoscopy?

arthroscopy

What endoscope is used for flush, insufflation, and suction and has a 4-way maneuverability?

flexible endoscope

What endoscope uses a fiber-optic cable inside for light and has an eyepiece to view directly or attach an external camera?

fiber optic endoscope

What endoscope is similar to a fiber-optic endoscope but lacks and eyepiece, it can freeze or capture images?

video endoscope

How is a bronchoscopy performed?

sterilely through a sterile endotracheal tube

What should be done with an endoscope when it is not in use?

hang it

How long should a patient be fasted for a gastroscopy?

12-18 hours

How long should a patient be fasted for a colonoscopy?

24-36 hours

What should be done immediately during post-anesthesia monitoring?

postop TPR

Why would an ET tube cuff be left partially inflated for extubation?

regurgitation

dental procedures

palatal or nasal procedures

When is an ET tube removed?

when the animal is blinking and has swallowed 2-3 times

When is an ET tube removed in brachycephalic patients?

when they are standing (wait as long as possible)

How should fluids be warmed?

microwave 1L for 2-3 minutes

What temperature should fluids be warmed to?

98-99 F

What are examples of acceptable warming strategies?

water circulating heating blankets

bair huggers

water bottles

water filled balloons or latex gloves

uncooked rice or lentils

What is an example of an unacceptable warming strategy?

electric heating blankets

Bair huggers should never be left ?

unattended

What are the reversal agents for opioids such as hydromorphone, fentanyl, and morphine?

naloxone and butorphanol

What is the reversal agent for diazepam and midazolam?

flumazenil

What is the reversal agent for dexdomitor?

antisedan

What is a fluid pocket under the skin due to overactive patient postop and deadspace from surgery?

seroma

What is a pocket under the skin filled with fluid with bacteria and neutrophils, usually straw colored light red fluid?

abscess

What is a pocket under the skin filled with blood?

hematoma

What is a pocket under the skin that can be empty or fat filled from omentum, it may be reducible?

hernia

Who usually writes discharge instructions?

vet techs

Post-anesthesia/sedation should cover at least the first ?

24 hours

During the post-anesthesia/sedation period, animals may not defecate for ___________ due to ileus from drugs and fasting prior to surgery.

2-3 days

How often should incisions be checked?

at least twice daily

With incision care, it is important to make sure that the animal is not _________________ the incision.

licking or rubbing

With cage rest, don't leave _____ in the cage if the bandage is in place.

water

How often are bandages, casts, or splints checked?

at least twice daily

Animals with bandages, casts, or splints should be confined ?

indoors

How often should the skin/tube area be cleaned?

1-2 times daily (change bandage daily)

What kind of diet should be given after a dental extraction?

soft food

After a dental extraction, there may be _______ in the water bowl.

blood

How long should it take for the mouth to heal after a dental extraction?

7 days

After GI surgeries, patients need to be confined with incision care for how long?

10-14 days

What should owners watch for after patients have GI surgeries?

peritonitis

Peritonitis can appear _______ postop of a GI surgery or _______ postop if antibiotics are used.

2-3 days, 7-10 days

Why is perianal surgery done?

tumors

anal sacs

wounds

What kind of diet should patients be given after a perianal surgery?

high fiber diet to soften stools

If a patient is defecating without control after perianal surgery, what could that indicate?

no sphincter control

What should owners watch for after a GI surgery?

straining

vocalizing while defecating

posturing a lot without defecating

After a cystotomy, blood in the urine is normal for up to ?

36 hours

After a cystotomy, if a patient cannot urinate for more than 24 hours, it is an ?

emergency

What should owners watch for after a cystotomy?

straining to urinate

trouble getting a good stream

What should be reported immediately after an onychectomy?

bleeding

Should a cat be house confined or crate confined immediately after an onychectomy?

crate confined

What type of litter should not be used after a patient undergoes an onychectomy?

clay or clumping litter

After a cesarean section, how often should you weigh newborns?

once daily

Is it better to keep a mother and her newborns in the hospital or discharge them asap?

discharge

What is a normal side effect of a cesarean section?

reddish brown vaginal discharge

What kind of diet should be given to a patient after a cesarean section?

high calorie

_______________ patches have high abuse potential.

fentanyl

____________________ is a weak sedative and only controls pain for less than 45 minutes.

butorphanol

_______________ is a cheap, synthetic opioid.

tramadol

What is the most common symptom patients with orthopedic injuries present with?

lameness

Cranial cruciate ligament tears and medial patellar luxations are classified as ___________________ procedures.

elective

What is the most common orthopedic surgery in animals?

TPLO (cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture)