Meteorology test 2

Adiabatic cooling

The cooling of air due to expansion

Orographic lifting

Air is lifted by mountains

Convergence

The air is rising

Surface heating

Causes lighter air to rise

Dewpoint

When the air is Saturated.

Organic lifting / dry adiabatic lift rate

Dry adiabatic lift rate = 10°C/ 1000 m

Orographic lifting/ wet adiabatic lift rate

Wet adiabatic lift rate = 5°C /1000m

Air pressure

The weight of air on a given area

Aneroid barometer

Most common tool to measure air pressure

Mercury barometer

Uses mercury to measure air pressure

Normal air pressure

At sea level = 1013 Mb

Pressure change with altitude

Pressure decreases with altitude

Highs

Pressure increases towards the center/ clockwise direction/the air diverges in the center/clear dry weather

Lows

Pressure decreases in the center / counter clockwise/ air converges at surface/ clouds and rain

Wind

Movement of air from high to low pressure

Pressure gradient

Closer ring stronger winds

Coriolis effect

All moving objects in the northern hemisphere curve right

Measure wind/ anemometer

Measure wind speed

Measure wind /wind vane

Measure wind direction

Air masses

Large volume of air having uniform temp

Source region

Where air masses form

Mt

maritime tropical

Mp

Maritime polar

Ct

Continental tropical

Cp

Continental polar

CA

Continental artic