Subjunctive vs. indicative

basic steps for choosing subjunctive versus indicative

1.) find the mood (phrases)

2.) find tense (sequence rules)

3.) find the form (conjugation/ subject + verb agreement)

If it is INDICATIVE, what tenses will you be choosing from?

present, preterite, imperfect, future or conditional

IF it is SUBJUNCTIVE, what tenses will you be choosing from?

present subjunctive or past subjunctive

WEIRD phrases

Wish

Emotion

Indefinite/nonexistent

Recommendation/wish

Doubt

state the 3 moods and what each one entails

1.) Indicative: states facts/reports actions

2.) Imperative: gives a command

3.) Subjunctive: gives an attitude (wish, emotion, doubt) about an action....phrases....

USE SUBJUNCTIVE if the sentence has a .....

1.) WEIRD phrase

2.) always subjunctive phrase

3.) time phrase

4.) predicting a future action

5.) si clause with the conditional

USE INDICATIVE if the sentence....

1.) DOES NOT have a WEIRD phrase

2.) DOES NOT have an always subjunctive phrase

3.) has a time phrase where the action already happened, or refers to an in general activity (not predicting)

4.) si clause with present, future, or past subjunctive

when finding the tense for indicative.... present goes to ___________________ and past goes to _____________________

present or future/ preterite or imperfect (action/non-action)

when finding the tense for subjunctive ...... present, future, and commands go to ____________________ and preterite, imperfect, and conditional go to ______________________

present subjunctive/ past subjunctive

always subjunctive phrases

1.) a menos que (unless)

2.) sin que (unless)

3.) con tal de que (provided that)

4.) en caso de que (in case)

5.) para que (so that/if no que, use inf.)

6.) antes de que (before/if no que, use inf.)

time phrases

1.) cuando

2.) después de que

3.) hasta que (only when followed by action for using que)

4.) tan pronto como

5.) En cuanto

si clause rules

1.) Si + present = future

2.) Si + past subjunctive = conditional