APHA vaccines slides

adjuvant

• ingredients enhance effectiveness of vaccines

• robust response from immune system

• really good titers

• can’t add on everything

7 live vaccines

• more issues & complicated

• can’t give to immunosuppressed pt —> might give them disease

inactivated vaccines

• cannot cause disease or get you sick

• don’t work very well for immcom pt, but better than not giving at all

How long does flu shot take to work?

• 2 weeks —> you can still get the flu/ cold before the shot actually kicks in

• shot cannot make you sick —> inactivated virus

why pure polysaccharide vaccines NOT recommended in children less than 2 years old

• immune system still immature, not fully developed

two inactivated vaccines

no min interval

• flu & covid

inactivated & live

no minimum

• mmr & flu

• inject on different sites

  • im sys may work on one but not the other if given that or too close

two live, if not simultaneously

• can be given same day

• if not, at least 28 days

inactivated vaccines & antibodies

no minimum

live vaccines followed by blood products

2 weeks

blood product given before live vaccine

• varies

• blood product: anything made out of blood (horse serum for snake venom)

  • contains antibodies —> pass immunity antibodies can attack and inactivate live vaccines

live vaccines followed by PPD skin test

min 28 day

PPD

purified protein derivative (skin test for TB)

• when ppd follows a vaccine, it leads to a false negative

PPD skin test followed by live vaccine

give vaccine after ppd skin test been read

vaccine interval

• decreased: too soon —> bad

• increased: not as bad as too soon

do not give live vaccines to

• pregnant & immcom pt

how to use child & adolescent immunization schedule

• det rec vaccine by age

• det rec interval for catch-up vac

• assess need for additional rec vaccines by medical condition or indication

• review vaccine types, freq, interval

• review contraindications & precautions for vaccine types

4 childhood & adult respiratory vaccines

• disease of the lungs can be spread via cough or saliva

• influenza

• pneumococcal

• RSV

• Covid 19