Ancient History (Classical Greece)
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Why was the first Graeco-Persian Wars fought?
Because Athens got involved in the rebellion of some Persian colonies which happed to also be Greek polies
What Persian king led the first Graeco-Persian war?
Darius II
Why was the second Graeco-Persian Wars fought?
Darius II’s son, Xerxes wanted revenge on Athens
Who got involved in the second Graeco-Persian war?
Sparta
Why did Athens flourish in this time?
The prestige of beating Persia.
Why did Athens decline in this time?
The loss against Sparta.
Two important historiographers of this era are?
Herodotus (Persian wars) and Thucydides (Peloponnesian wars)
Meaning of Arche?
Imperial ruler (like Athens in the Delian League)
When did the Delian League form?
478 BCE.
Meaning of hegemonia?
An alliance where one group is the leader but does not put power on the other memebers.
Meaning of hellenotamiai?
Treasurers of the Delian League.
Meaning of phoros?
Tribute kept on the island of Delos
Meaning of symmachia?
Alliance
Meaning of aparchai?
First fruits of tribute only 1/60th of total amount, engraved on stones.
What was a coin press called?
A die.
The obverse side of the coin is closest to the?
Anvil.
The reverse side is on the?
Top.
What is this?
Lapis Primus.
What is the Lapis Primus?
First fruits of tribute only 1/60th of total amount, engraved on stones.
The Athenians were known for their powerful?
Navy.
Who began democracy in Athens?
Solon.
Who solidified democrocy?
Keisthenes
Pericles international policies? (four)
Peace with Persia, liberation of Greek polies under Persian rule, consolidation of empire and balance of power with Spartans
Pericles internal policies? (three)
Acropolis building, extension of democracy, payment of offices.
Why did the Peloponeesian war start?
Athens decided to invade Sicily which resisted Sparta gets involved.
What stupid thing happened during the Peloponessian war?
The wall building.
When did building plans start for the Parthenon?
5th century BCE.
What was the Parthenon?
Temple to Athena in Athens yet not main worship temple.
Who was Demosthenes?
Hater of Philip II of Macedonia
When was the Peloponessian war?
431 and 404 BCE.
What were sophists?
Teachers of argumentation and rhetoric.