Plant Nutrition and Reproduction

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and concepts from Plant Nutrition and Reproduction.

Haploid (n)

A cell with one set of chromosomes.

Diploid (2n)

A cell with two sets of chromosomes.

Mitosis

A type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Meiosis

A type of cell division that produces four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Spores

Haploid reproductive cells that can develop into new organisms without fertilization (Asexual reproduction).

Sporophyte

The diploid, spore-producing phase in the plant life cycle.

Gametes

Haploid reproductive cells (sperm and egg) that fuse during fertilization to form a zygote (Sexual reproduction).

Gametophyte

The haploid, gamete-producing phase in the plant life cycle.

Alternation of Generations

A reproductive cycle that occurs in plants characterized by two distinct phases: the haploid gametophyte and the diploid sporophyte.

Dominant Generation

The phase in the plant life cycle that is most prominent and persistent.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma.

Double fertilization

A unique process in angiosperms where one sperm cell fertilizes the egg cell and another fuses with polar nuclei to form endosperm.

Endosperm

The triploid tissue that provides nutrients for the developing embryo in angiosperms.

Monocots

Plants with seeds containing one cotyledon, often with thinner, more uniform seed coats.

Dicots

Plants with seeds containing two cotyledons that serve as the primary nutrient source for seedlings.

Seed Dispersal

The process that allows plants to spread their offspring across different environments.