GART

PRIMITIVE EGYPTIAN

• The use of animal imagery to represent different regions, clans, or deities. Primitive Egyptian art mainly consisted of rock carvings; they reflected the nature and the environment the early Egyptians lived in. In some cases, rock carvings are usually found at the ceiling of the caves. The rock art from this period depicts various animals, such as giraffes, elephants, lions, ostriches, antelopes, donkeys, and mules.

• The use of geometric patterns to create abstract designs or symbols. For example, the pottery from this period often features geometric motifs such as zigzags, triangles, circles, and spirals.

• The use of human figures to express social status, religious beliefs, or personal identity; for example, the ivory figurines from this period depict human forms with exaggerated features such as large heads, eyes, ears, and noses.

The use of natural materials such as stone, clay, wood, ivory, bone, and shell to create artworks.

CHINESE

• diverse in its shapes. Except for the mural, there are traverse, vertical, square, round, and flat shapes; it also differs in size and length. Combining poem, calligraphy painting, and signet

• It’s painting is a perfect blend of poem, calligraphy, painting, and signet, often featuring personal additions and stamping of various signets. This combination creates beautiful, integrated, and perfect artwork, bringing aesthetic pleasure to the appreciator.

• Mounting pictures is a traditional technique used to preserve and preserve them for long periods. Drawings are often on breakable rice paper or silk, and the picture is typically backed up and purled with ninon, silk, or paper. Themes

• According to the different delineative subject matters, the themes of this painting can be classified into three branches, i.e., human figures, landscapes, and flowers and birds. For example, the painting of ladies, the painting of mountains, the painting of insects and fish belong to the three branches respectively."

JAPANESE

• It’s painting, calligraphy, pottery, and other fine or decorative visual arts produced in Japan over the centuries.

• Since this style is marked by a turn toward Japanese influences, prominent themes include those associated with Japan’s four seasons. Allusions to Japanese history and literature are also common.

• Many paintings in this style portray soft, rolling hills within Japanese locales. During the Kamakura period, Yamato-e painting expanded to include scenes of Buddhist leadership.

• Paintings were used to illustrate hand rolls. Artists often combined these handscrolls into series that you could open and read in sequence like a book.

• The overglaze technique was perfected soon after the middle of the 17th century. It was continued by the family, and since many of them were called Kakiemon, the style has become known by that name.

• The palette is easily recognized—iron red, bluish green, light blue, yellow, and sometimes a little gilding; many examples have a chocolate-brown rim. Octagonal and square shapes are especially frequent.

ART NOUVEAU

• is characterized by a focus on natural forms, asymmetry, and an emphasis on decorative elements. Here are some of the key motifs and characteristics of Art Nouveau: 

• Organic Forms:

• Curvilinear Lines:

• Asymmetry:

• Whiplash Lines:

• Ornamentation:

• Use of New Materials:

• Synthesis of Arts:

• Exotic Influences:

• Feminine Imagery:

• Symbolism and Allegory:

• Emphasis on Craftsmanship:

• Regional Variations: .

MEDIEVAL

• features recurring Christian religious motifs

• depiction of the grieving Virgin Mary, the crucified Christ, and mourning figures.

• The use of color, light, and composition in this artwork reflects the emerging Renaissance style, emphasizing depth and three-dimensionality.

RENAISSANCE

• Religious Themes:

• Dramatic Composition and Movement:

• Color and Light:

• Symbolism and Allegorical Imagery:

• Humanism:

• Landscape and Nature:

• Renaissance Triangles:

BAROQUE

-        Elongation of Figures

more expressive, less naturalistic portrayals of the human figure

 

-        Exaggeration of aspects

artificial, inclined to be more contrived

 

-        Distorted Perspective and Spatial Arrangements

create a sense of ambiguity and instability 

 

-        Complex Compositions

virtuosity to show and express their skills in the artwork

 

-        Unconventional Color Palette

stark contrasts of colors; weird, rich, and deep 

 

-        Tension and Ambiguity

create a feeling of tension and unease, a sense of mystery

 

-        Emotional Intensity

figures are expressive, displaying intense emotions and gestures

ROCOCO

-        aristocracy and pastel

-        being detailed and ornate.

-        It has delicate designs like shells, flowers, and foliage, as well as complex scrollwork and curved lines.

-        Asymmetrical groupings are frequently used in rococo design to add whimsy and movement, contrasting the Baroque Era's rigid symmetry.

-        Rococo design is characterized by the extensive use of S-curves and C-curves in ornamental arts, architecture, and furniture.

-        Rococo Movement also focuses on lightness and playfulness; therefore, pastel hues, feminine curves, and an emphasis on life's pleasures all reflect this.

-        There is also a propensity to include fantastical aspects, such as mythological characters and surreal settings. 

NEOCLASSICAL

-        clarity of form

-        sober colors

-        shallow space

-        strong horizontal

-        verticals that render that subject matter timeless

-        classical subject matter

-        symmetrical

-        simple

-        heroic

-        virtuous

-        serious. 

FILIPINO ART

Cubism Art: 

-        It focuses on the transition from rural to urban settings.

-         To advocate for people who live in 

-        the country’s neglected areas and have no option but to survive with few resources. 

-        It was also inspired by the streets of Manila after the war.

 

Nationalism

-        The uncertainty and anxiety of the time.

-        The Philippines had recently exited the war

-        experienced liberation from Japanese occupation.

-         Filipinos were experiencing rampant insecurity in their lives as they moved toward full independence.

-        It depicts the difficulties faced by many Filipinos while living in the slums.

 

Social Realism:

-        aimed at enhancing and fostering the national culture, social environment, native identity, and native sensibility.

ROMANTICISM

-        Picturesque - imagery describing an old object. 

-        Primitivism - nature is better than society.

-        Sentimentalism - strong emotion.

-        Supernatural - interest in unrealistic and mythical things.

-        Nature - the love of nature.

Nationalism - the arts were about heritage and

MELANCHOLY

-        The brushwork of artists in the Romanticism age when less precise and looser than during other periods

-         focused on emotions, feelings, and moods of all persons,

-        were highly varied and included people, landscapes, peaceful beauty, religion, and revolution.      

IMPRESSIONISM

 

-        Visible brushstrokes that offer the bare impression of form

-        Vibrant colors rather than mixing them or unblended color

-        Emphasis on the accurate depiction of natural light.

-        Visible dabs of paint

-        Instead of using black and gray paint to depict shadows, the painters paired Complementary colors.

-        The paints were also brighter than those used in previous eras due to the invention of Synthetic pigments.

-        The artists applied new layers of paint over still wet layers

-        Unusual visual angles

-        Subjects from the modernized urban life

-        Candid poses and compositions of the subjects

POST IMPRESSIONISM

-        Painterly brushstrokes

-        Bold Use of Color

-        Brushwork and Texture

-        Distorted Perspective/Form

-        Extended the use of vivid colors,

-        Thick application of paint

-        Distinctive brush strokes

-        Real-life subject matter

-        Use of unnatural colors

-        More inclined to emphasize geometric forms

-        Focus on abstract form and pattern in the application of paint to the surface of the canvas                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

FAUVISM

-        use of vivid, vibrant, almost acidic colors in odd juxtapositions

-        instinctive, highly expressive approach to painting

-        how color may be liberated from subject matter.

-        They painted identifiable imagery with astonishing chromatic discord; a sky could be crimson, or a woman's face green,

-        allowing color to convey significance in and of itself, independent of its link to the thing depicted.

CUBISM

-        Monochromatic palette

During the early development of this form of art bright colors were not favored until much later in the movement. The cubism artists favored tones of muted gray and ochre over bolder colors because these colors made it so that the structure of the object would gain more emphasis

 

-        Flattened Picture Plane 

This is more commonly known as Picture Canvas. The Cubist artist didn’t believe in creating illusion and believed that all elements of the subject should be represented on the plane the exact opposite of illusionistic artists as they believed this a more honest way of art.

 

-        Geometric Shapes

This art form focuses on geometric shapes like cones, cubes, spheres and so on to for the structure of their artwork rearranging them in many ways to form their subject.

 

-        Multiple Perspectives

These artworks wanted to show different perspectives without the use of shading or grading. As they wanted to show how their art really was instead of creating an illusion of their subject

DADAISM

-        don’t have a distinct form they are all forms of art they can be a painting or a dance as it has no general medium.

-        Dadaism is basically Anti-art an artform that questions if this is even art they believe that as long as they put meaning into something that it can be classified as art so they put on the most random of creations that would make one question “Is this art?”.

SYMBOLISM

-        contained references to religion.

-        spiritualism,

-        sex

-        darker sides of human life.

-        often influenced by the imagination, dreams, melancholy, and death

-        emphasis on the perverse and the morbid.

SURREALISM

-        A Metaphysical Atmosphere

An expansion of your thoughts and feelings and how they affect everyone's thinking and feeling as a group. It's about how the most common thoughts and emotions can significantly impact everyone.

-        Dreamlike Imagery Depicting Mysterious Environments and Landscapes

Pictures or scenes that look like they come from a dream. These pictures show strange and unknown places.

-        Unconsciousness as a Valid Reality,

Feelings, thoughts, and images that come from our subconscious mind are a meaningful and essential part of creating and understanding art. Artists may use their unconscious thoughts and feelings to inspire their work, and viewers can find deep meaning in these hidden aspects of the art.

-        Symbolic Images,

Pictures or visuals that represent ideas, feelings, or things beyond what you can see in the image itself. These images stand for or symbolize something else, often with a more profound or hidden meaning.

CONSTRUCTIVISM

-        Geometric Shapes and Forms

The artists combined cubes, circles, squares, and other geometric shapes with industrial materials to create abstract artworks that were viewed as symbols of the new period of Russian culture. 

-        Use of Industrial Materials 

Constructivist art incorporates industrial elements on a fundamental level. Artists like Alexander Rodchenko employed concrete, metal, glass, and other commonplace materials to make abstract sculptures that visually represented the prevailing revolutionary mood.

-        Bright Primary Colors and Strong Lines

Strong lines and vivid primary colors like red and yellow are used in constructivism art to make solid visual messages. 

DE STIJL ARTS

-        Straight lines

-        Primary Colors

-        Thick Strokes

-        Geometric Forms.

1. Straight Lines: De Stijl features clean, straight vertical and horizontal lines that intersect to form right angles. 

2. Primary Colors: Artists used primary colors: red, yellow, and blue, with the addition of black and white. These colors do not touch or blend, and the straight lines typically divide the colors. 

3. Thick Strokes: The previously mentioned straight lines in De Stijl's works are typically black lines in thick strokes to accentuate the division between colors and boxes. 

4. Geometric Shapes: The standard fixtures of the art movement are rectangle and square boxes. Artists within the movement aim to reduce forms to their most basic geometric elements, striving for purity and simplicity.

ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM

-        Newman focused on using the style, color field painting for this abstract expressionism artwork.

-        When you look at the artwork, you might think that it is very simple and plain. But large areas of flat color is used to create an emotional or meditative impact.

-        In other words, color field art is characterized by a picture plane that is carefully filled with color zones. This artwork is embedded with the characteristic of an abstract expressionism artwork which includes manifestation of ideas that are unconscious, and spiritual.

-        This artwork introduces a novel element called the "zip," a vertical orange line that simultaneously divides and connects each red side of the composition. Additionally, Newman expresses that these “zips” do not divide the canvas, but merge outer sides.

OPTICAL ART

-        is characterized by precise, repetitive patterns and geometric shapes.

-        Artists often used contrasting colors and shapes to create visual effects that seemed to vibrate or move.

POP ART

-        characterized by the use of everyday objects and images from popular culture.

-         It often employs bright, flat colors and techniques borrowed from commercial art, like comic book-style dots and bold outlines.

-        Andy's drawings were frequently comical, ornamental, and whimsical, in contrast to the cold and impersonal mood

MINIMALISM

-        Several vital attributes distinguish minimalist art.

-        It strongly focuses on simplicity, eliminating superfluous elements to achieve uncluttered compositions.

-        Minimalist artworks typically use a restricted color palette, preferring neutral shades while using bright colors sparingly, if at all.

-        You'll often find clean lines and geometric shapes, with a depreciation of curves and intricate details.

-        Repetition of uncomplicated shapes or patterns is utilized to create visual interest.

-        Choosing materials and their inherent textures, such as wood or stone, is very important.

-        Reductionism is a significant aspect, involving a continual simplification process until only the essential elements remain.

-        The deliberate use of harmful or white space is another distinguishing characteristic, fostering balance and emphasizing primary aspects.

-        Clarity and precision in design and composition are essential, with each component serving a deliberate purpose.

-        Minimalist art is frequently acknowledged for its enduring and timeless qualities, owing to its adherence to fundamental design principles.