Chapter 11 Part 2

astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal are examples of _______ cells from the _______ system

glial cells of the CNS

schwann cells and satellite cells are _____ cells from the _______ system

glial cells of the PNS

these neuroglia regulate neurotransmitters, ion balance, blood-brain barrier, and regulate EBF

astrocytes (from CNS)

these neuroglia produce myelin sheaths in the CNS; can form sheath around portions of several axons

oligodendrocytes

these neuroglia protect the CNS by phagocytosis, respond to inflammation, and protect immune cells

microglia; if you see phag anywhere it’s this one

these neuroglia produce and circulate CSF, ependymal + blood vessels = chloroid plexuses that secrete cerebrospinal fluid

ependymal

these neuroglia produce myelin in the PNS and can repair the axon

schwann cells

these neuroglia support cell bodies in the PNS, providing support and nutrients, protect neurons from heavy metals

Satellite

resting membrane potential is about ___ mV

70

the sodium potassium pump moves

3 Na+ out and 2K+ in

______ channels are always open and allow passive diffusion of sodium and potassium ions to occur. Responsible for permeability of the _______ __________

Leak, plasma membrane

this type of gated ion channel responds to pressure or vibration

mechanical

this type of gated ion channel responds to chemicals

ligand

this type of gated ion channel responds to voltage changes

voltage

this type of gated ion channel responds to light

need to check this one

____ _____ ______ is the electrical charge difference across the cell membrane of a neuron at rest. the ______ of the cells is more _______ charged than the outside.

resting membrane potential; inside is more negatively charged

if the threshold of _____ mV is reached, more _____ enters, raising the potential to _____ mV

-55 mV, Na+ enters, raises to +30 mV

principle stating an action potential will either fire completely or not at all

all or none principle

inside the cell: high concentration of ______ ions and negatively charged proteins

outside the cells is: high concentration of ______ ions and also Cl- and Ca2+

inside is potassium, outside is sodium. remember fruit w/ salt on it

why does K+ flow out more easily than Na+ can enter? (has to do with membrane permeability)

the membrane is more permeable to potassium than sodium