Lesson 9 - Explaining the Shape of Molecules with Covalent Bonds

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5 Terms

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When are covalent bonds formed?

When a pair of electrons is shared between 2 nuclei

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What is a Sigma Bond?

e- shared on the same plane as the nuclei

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What are hybrid orbitals

Simple s, p and d orbitals mix to form new atomic orbitals

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Steps to get hybrid orbitals

Draw valence electrons only

Electron promotion

Hybridization (form together)

Creates new name

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When do double bonds form?

When two sets of orbitals overlap

One set of orbitals hybridize and overlap forming a Sigma Bond

And other set of orbitals remain unhybridized and overlap forming pi