AbnormalPsychology Exam 2

Individuals with _______ are preoccupied with one or more perceived defects in their physical appearance and perform repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to these appearance-related concerns.

body dysmorphic disorder

Agoraphobia is characterized by anxiety about

being in places from which escape would be difficult or embarrassing

Before the appearance of DSM III, GAD was diagnosed with a more non-specific diagnosis of:

Anxiety Neurosis

Your professor tried to argue that psychopathology begins:

in adolescence

The most common disorder co-morbid with an anxiety disorder is:

depression

Your professor promoted a self-help group called TERRAP which began in Cleveland, Ohio, to assist persons diagnosed with:

agoraphobia

The most effective and widely used psychological treatment for OCD-related disorders is

exposure and response prevention, or what your professor prefers to call this, flooding

An unheralded but effective program for the treatment of the "public speaking phobia" version of Social Anxiety Disorder is also a popular community-based social group called:

Toastmasters

_______ is characterized by the repetitive pulling out of one's hair, despite repeated attempts to stop, resulting in noticeable hair loss and significant distress or impairment.

Trichotillomania

In differential diagnostic work, it is often important to differentiate social anxiety disorder from:

schizoid personality disorder

Anxiety and panic are closely related to fear; in fact, both are physiologically identical to fear, except that

no real danger or severe threat is actually present

Parents may play a part in the development of OCD in their children if

they emphasized cleanliness

specific phobia

fear of objects or situations that is out of proportion to any real danger

social anxiety disorder

dear of unfamiliar people or social scrutiny

panic disorder

anxiety about recurrent panic attacks

Agoraphobia

anxiety about being in places where escaping or getting help would be difficult if anxiety symptoms occured

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

uncontrollable worry

GAD treatments

• Psychoanalysis focus on underlying unconscious unresolved conflicts embedded in psychosexaul content

GAD treatment

• aerobic excercise and mindfulness

• GAD treatment

• conginitve behavior thereapy (CBT) has the best long-term outocme

Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment

• in vivo desenitization is particulary effective (toastmasters)

Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment

-preperation and practice cannot be overemphasized

Social Anxiety Disorder Treatment

• treatments for specific phobea equal appplicable to social phobia

schizoid personality disorder

pervasice detachment from socail relationships, and a restricted range of expressed emotions socially, and 4 of:

Panic Disorder/ Agoraphobia Treatment

• behavior therapy

Panic Disorder/ Agoraphobia Treatment

-aerobic exercise

Panic Disorder/ Agoraphobia Treatment

• group (supportive) therapr (TERRAP)

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

obesessions are mostly recurrent, often intrusice ego-dystonic thoughts

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

compulsions are typically repetitive acts behaviors

Hair-pulling disorder

the persistent compulsion to pull ones hair, leading to hair loss and distress or impaired functioning

• "trichotillomanis"

Skin piskcing disorder

compulsice skin picking to the point that lesions emerge on the skin

Hoarding disorder

persistet difficulty throwing away or otherwise parting with posessions-to the point that the possessions imair daily life, regardless of the value of those posessions

body dysmorphic disorder

preocupations with a percieved defect in appearance and repetitve behaviors to hide the perceived defect

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

preoccupations with perfectionism, orderliness, adn self-control as well as low levels of flexibility and efficiency

stress disorders

some people who experience a traumatic event fo on to develop a stress disorder

acute stress disorder (ASD)

the sympoms invilved with stress disorders emerge within 4 weeks of traumatice event last less than 1 month

pos-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

the symptoms are the sams as ASD but last linger than 1 month.

Three stages Processes of Memory

sensory: large capacity, short duration

Three stages Processes of Memory

-short-term: limited capacity, limited duration

Three stages Processes of Memory

long-term: unlimited capacity, potentially permanent duration (retrieval is the problem)

procedural long-term memory

performing different skills, somwhat unconsciously

episodic long-term memory

specific events or epsiodes, consciously

semantic long-term memory

facts, names, definition, concepts, and, ideas, also consciously

Dissociative Amnesia

1. an episode of inability to recall important personal information

Dissociative Amnesia

2. suffecientyl extensive that it cannot be attributed to ordinary forgetfullness

Dissociative Amnesia

3. usually concerns trauma or stress

Dissociative amnesia

4. the episode causes clinically important distress or impairs work, social, or personal functioning

What is a key symptom of Depersonalization Disorder?

Lasting or recurring feeling of detachment from the patient's own body.

What experience do patients with Depersonalization Disorder often report?

Feeling like an outside observer of self or as if in a dream.

What is intact in patients with Depersonalization Disorder?

Reality testing is otherwise intact.

What impact does Depersonalization Disorder have on patients?

It causes clinically important distress or impairs work, social, or personal functioning.

What disorders should be ruled out when diagnosing Depersonalization Disorder?

Acute Stress Disorder, Panic Disorder, Schizophrenia.

What should be considered when diagnosing Depersonalization Disorder?

Recreational drugs, meditation, or religious experience.

How common is Depersonalization Disorder?

Considered quite rare.

Dissociative Identity Disorder

→ Formerly Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD)

DID Diagnosis Criteria

1. Presence of two or more distinct identities ("alters"), each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self (defines personality by DSM standards)

DID Diagnosis Criteria

2. At least two of these personalities recurrently take control of the person's behavior (2-100, usually less than 10, Mean = 15)

DID Diagnosis Criteria

3. Inability to recall important personal information too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness