Predicting Acid-Base Equilibria

Acids are listed in order of WHAT strength on the left side and bases are listed in order of WHAT on the right side

Acids are listed in order of DECREASING strength on the left side and bases are listed in order of INCREASING on the right side

When predicting reactions, the substance with WHAT will react with the substance that WHAT

When predicting reactions, the substance with the GREATEST ATTRACTION FOR PROTONS (SB) will react with the substance that GIVES UP ITS PROTON MOST EASILY (SA)

We will assume that only WHAT is transferred per reaction

We will assume that only ONE PROTON is transferred per reaction

The STRONGER the acid, the WHAT its conjugate base

The STRONGER the acid, the WEAKER its conjugate base

The WEAKER an acid, the WHAT the conjugate base

The WEAKER an acid, the STRONGER the conjugate base

WHAT is always the weakest acid and base

Water

Step 1; List all WHAT initially present

Step 1; List all ENTITIES (ions, molecules, atoms) initially present

Strong acids ionize into WHAT

Strong acids ionize into H3O+(aq) and the anion

Weak acids are NOT WHAT

Weak acids are NOT IONIZED

Dissociate WHAT compounds

Dissociate IONIC compounds

Don’t forget to include WHAT

Don’t forget to include WATER

Step 2: Identify all possible WHAT and WHAT

Step 2: Identify all possible ACIDS and BASES

Step 3: Identify the WHAT acids and the WHAT base like redox reactions the WHAT is top left and the WHAT is bottom right

Step 3: Identify the STRONGEST acids and the STRONGEST base like redox reactions the SA is top left and the SB is bottom right

Step 4: To write the reaction, transfer WHAT from the WHAT to the WHAT to predict the conjugate base and conjugate acid

Step 4: To write the reaction, transfer ONE PROTON from the ACID to the BASE to predict the conjugate base and conjugate acid

Step 5: Predict the position of the WHAT

Step 5: Predict the position of the EQUILIBRIUM

If acid is above the base, then WHAT

If acid is above the base, then >50% (Products favoured)

If acid is lower than the base, then WHAT

If acid is lower than the base, then <50% (REACTANTS favoured)