6.3 Peritoneum & Abdominal Viscera

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Flashcards created to review key concepts and vocabulary related to the peritoneum and abdominal viscera as covered in the lecture notes.

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18 Terms

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Peritoneum

A thin, transparent serous membrane that lines the abdominal wall and covers the viscera.

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Peritonitis

Inflammation of the peritoneum, often due to infection.

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Retroperitoneal

Describes organs that lie behind the peritoneum, such as the kidneys and parts of the liver.

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Peritoneal Ligament

A double layer of tissue that connects an organ to the abdominal wall, for example, the falciform ligament of the liver.

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Mesentery

A double layer of tissue that encloses an organ and connects it to the abdominal wall, containing blood vessels and nerves.

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Omentum

A double-layered fold of peritoneum that connects the stomach to adjacent organs, involved in fat storage and immune response.

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Lesser Sac (Omental Bursa)

A subdivision of the peritoneal cavity located behind the stomach and liver.

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Greater Sac

The larger subdivision of the peritoneal cavity that encompasses most of the abdominal viscera.

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Supracolic Compartment

The area of the greater sac above the transverse colon.

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Infracolic Compartment

The area of the greater sac below the transverse colon.

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Enteric Nervous System

A part of the nervous system that governs the function of the gastrointestinal system.

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Parasympathetic Nervous System

The division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for stimulating 'rest-and-digest' activities.

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Sympathetic Nervous System

The division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for initiating 'fight-or-flight' responses.

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Peritoneal Fluid

Fluid within the peritoneal cavity that serves as a lubricant between the peritoneum layers.

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Falciform Ligament

A peritoneal ligament that connects the liver to the anterior abdominal wall.

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Vascular Supply to Organs

Refers to the supply of blood vessels in the mesentery that convey blood to abdominal organs.

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Bare Area of Liver

The part of the liver that is not covered by peritoneum, located on the diaphragmatic surface.

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Double Layered Fold

Refers to structures like the lesser and greater omentum that connect from the stomach to adjacent organs.