Cell permeability and transport

What are the 2 layers of the cell membrane called?

Phosphid Bilayer

Functions of carbohydrates in the cell membrane

help mark the things going in or out the cell

Functions of the proteins in the cell membrane

channels for large substances

Functions of cholesterol in the cell membrane

provides membrane stability

Passive transport

no energy required

Active transport

requires energy

Diffusion

random movement of molecules across the membrane that move with the concentration gradient (high to low)

Equilibrium

state where the concentration is equal at both sides

Facilitated diffusion

passive, with the help of channel and carrier proteins

Channel protiens

allows charged and larger molecules in

Carrier protiens

change shape to allow specific molecules

osmosis

diffusion of only water across a semi-permeable membrane

Tonicity

ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or loose water through osmosis

Isotonic

solute percent to be the same in and out the cell

HYPERtonic

Higher amount of solute outside the cell than inside, causing water to move out of the cell.

HYPOtonic

less solute outside the cell than inside. which causes cells to swell.