QUIZ 10 - Class 10/11/12: The Acts, Colonial Resistance, Boston Massacre

Sugar and Stamp Act Colonial Responses

Sugar Act: Did not cause distress except for rum dispensers

Stamp Act: Distress because of tax on 54 common items

Sons of Liberty

1. Were not the majority of people, they were radicals

2. Based out of Boston

3. Led by Samuel Adams

Samuel Adams

Leader of the Sons of Liberty in Boston

Moderates

Believed Americans were British

Radicals

Those who wanted to make extreme changes and declare their independence from Britain

Townshend Acts of 1767

The acts declaring a tax on paper, glass, lead, tea, and paint. All taxes were reappealed except for tea

Enlightenment (circa 1750)

A European intellectual and cultural movement led by Voltaire Russo, Hobbs, and John Locke, emphasizing reason, nature, happiness, progress, and liberty

John Locke

The creator of natural rights

- Life, liberty, property (happiness)

Social Contract

This contract states the monarch/king can be in charge, however, they must uphold and provide natural rights to their citizens

Divine Right of Kings

Doctrine that states the king is placed on Earth by God, and holds the supreme authority when making his decisions

Whig Movement

A British group advocating for Parliament's superiority, not the monarch

Republicanism

The idea that people have a say in their government because of natural rights, Enlightenment, and no divine right

Tea Act Reasons

1. Drink of Great Britain

2. Sovereignty

3. Control

1767

2,000 British troops deployed to Boston to maintain order

Boston Massacre (1770)

Propaganda because the Sons of Liberty were heckling in front of the guarded House of Commons and harassed British troops

Massacre

A killing of unarmed people

Propaganda

1. Organized

2. "2 birds"

- Degrade opposition

- Increase own side

Boston Massacre Trial

The trial in Boston where the British troops involved in the Boston Massacre were tried on. Found innocent because of manslaughter by an American judge and Boston jury

Committees of Correspondence

Wrote letters to other colonial leaders by using mail

HMS Gaspee (1772)

The British tax-collecting ship that burnt down near Providence, RI

Tea Act of 1773

The act passed to raise 40,000 British Pounds to bail out the East India Company, kept from the Townshend Acts

Problems leading to the Tea Act

1. Colonists were not buying Tea

2. Tea surplus from investors

Tea Act Purposes

1. Bail out East India Company

- American market monopoly

2. Save Parliament

- Investors

3. Forced colonial tea buying

- Less tax, cheaper than smuggled tea

- 7 cents per pound

- Led to Boston Tea Party

Tea Shipments

1. Charleston, SC

2. Philly

3. New York

4. Boston

First Continental Congress

Done with moderates, before Lexington and Concord, as a response to the Intolerable Acts

Second Continental Congress

Done with radicals, after Lexington and Concord