CSD 487- module 3 TBI

Know the primary and secondary types of damage that can occur with TBI

Primary

• Directly related to the injury

• Coup and contrecoup

• Brain damaged by movement in the skull (bony pominences)

• Inertial injuries (acceleration/deceleration, rotational)

• Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)

Secondary (Consequence)

• Swelling

• Hypoxia

• Disturbance of blood flow

• Neurochemical disturbances

Know areas of the brain most commonly impacted by TBI and the behavioral deficits associated with that area of damage

Areas of the brain most commonly impacted by tbi;

• Frontal lobes: Personality changes, motor deficits, memory deficits, expressive-receptive language deficits, and deficits in attention and higher level cognition

• Anterior portions of the temporal lobes: Personality changes, motor deficits, memory deficits, expressive-receptive language deficits, and deficits in attention and higher level cognition

• Hippocampi:

• White matter

Be able to describe diffuse axonal injury

The breaking of neurons connections that occurs across large areas of the brain and is commonly seen in closed head tbi’s

Be able to describe coup/contrecoup injury patterns

Coup injury means the brain hits forward to the skull due to a sudden stop at high speed as the impact. 

Counter coup injury refers as the rebound of the coup injury after the sudden stop the brain then moves to the back of the skull.

open head injury define

Traumatic brain injury in which the individual’s skull is broken open and the brain is penetrated

closed head injury define

Traumatic brain injury in which the individual’s skull is not open

Shaken baby syndrome

Traumatic brain injury in

military related TBI

sports related TBI

locked in syndrome