Things

Zebu cattle

Domesticated animals with humps, found in the Indus Valley and domesticated from local wild aurochs.

Mohenjo-Daro citadel

A high citadel (12m) in Mohenjo-Daro protected by burnt-brick fortifications with towers.

The Great Bath

A public building located in Mohenjo-Daro.

Mohenjo-Daro sanitation system

Wealthier homes had bathing areas and toilets connected to sewer systems, with covered drainage ditches.

Ola Leaf Manuscripts

Writing material in the Harappan Civilization made from soaked and pounded leaves.

Soapstone Seals

Carved seals in the Harappan Civilization possibly used for signatures or official stamps.

Niuheliang Temple

A Hongshan culture site featuring a life-sized clay female head with jade eyes.

Bi and Cong

Jade objects found in elite Liangzhu burials, symbolizing heaven and earth.

Chariot Burials

Burials that included chariots, drivers, and horses for use in the afterlife.

Blackware Ceramics

Highly burnished, wheel-made, thin-walled black wares from the Longshan culture.

Scapulamancy

The practice of divination using animal scapulae, notably in oracle bone divination.

Hang tu

A construction technique used by Longshan communities involving layers of loess soil.

Tian

Heaven in Chinese cosmology, reflected in the organization of the Shang Royal Court.

Ting

A cooking pot from the Longshan culture, symbolizing state ownership during the Zhou period.

Taotie motif

Designs on Liangzhu jades similar to those found on later Shang bronzes.

Ishtar Gate

A gate adorned with blue-glazed bricks and motifs found in Babylon.

Processional Way

A road leading to the Temple of Marduk and ziggurat in Babylon.

Temple of Marduk

A temple in Babylon that housed a 6 m tall gold statue of the god.

Alphabet

A significant invention by the Phoenicians, playing a vital role in communication.

Lamassu

Colossal figures with bull bodies and human heads placed at palace entrances.

Cyrus Cylinder

Known as one of the oldest declarations of human rights, attributed to Cyrus the Great.

Behistun Inscription

A monument from Darius's reign crucial for deciphering cuneiform.

Tomb of Midas

A large tomb containing numerous bronze artifacts attributed to King Midas.

Electrum

An alloy of gold and silver, not mentioned in the provided sources.

Etemenanki

A ziggurat located in Babylon, associated with the Temple of Marduk.

Fora

Centres of public life in Roman cities, used for elections and public speeches.

The Colosseum

The largest ancient amphitheater, known for gladiatorial contests.

The Pantheon

A well-preserved Roman temple dedicated around 126 AD, featuring a dome.

Aqueducts

Structures built to transport water for various uses during the Roman Republic.

Legion

A military unit in the Roman army composed of 60 centuries.

Roman Forum

The central public space in ancient Rome, gradually developed over time.

Hadrian’s Wall

No specific information available on Hadrian's Wall.

Harpax

No specific information available on harpax.

Opus caementicium

Roman concrete capable of setting under water, used in harbor construction.