Biology UNIT 7

Evolution

What is evolution?

What evidence is there for evolutionary change over time?

Who was Charles Darwin?

What is a species?

How can DNA and Protein differences be used to determine evolutionary relationships?

What is a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism?

Compare and contrast analogous and homologous traits, convergent and divergent evolution

What are the 3 ingredients/ requirements for natural selection?

How does natural selection ‘work’?

What are sources of variability in a population? (mutation and sexual reproduction)

Explain how antibiotic resistance can evolve in a population of bacteria & why it is such a major public health concern

How can each of the 5 factors lead to shifts in allele frequency 

(Shrinking Population; Sexual selection; Mutation; Migration; Adaptation)

What is allele frequency? 

What is speciation and how does it happen?

Outline the case study of the Rock Pocket Mouse- how does this study demonstrate Natural Selection?

Outline the case study of Endler’s guppies- how did Endler set up experiments to demonstrate both Natural Selection and Sexual Selection in guppy populations? What selective pressures cause the variation in guppies in Trinidadian streams? 

“Race is a social construct, not a biological one.”  How does this idea reflect the evolutionary history of humans?

What is the evolutionary history of human skin color? What processes led to the range of skin tones in the human population? {you should be able to write a mini-essay from memory}