Ten Commandments of Intensity

intensities may be reported in various ways with respect to ___ and ___

commandment 1

time and space

the different measurements of intensities are important in the study of bioeffects

___ is the most relevant intensity with respect to _____

commandment 2

SPTA; tissue heating

the units for all intensities are ___

commandment 3

watts/cm²

because peak measurements are larger than average measurements, ____ intensity has the highest value, and ____ has the lowest value

commandment 4

SPTP (highest); SATA (lowest)

a number called the beam uniformity coefficient (also called SP/SA factor) describes the spread of a ____. The SP/SA factor is ____, with a value of 1 or greater

commandment 5

beam in space

unitless

the duty factor describes the relationship of ___ with ___. The duty factor is a unitless number with a value between 0 and 1.

commandment 6

beam intensities with time

for continuous wave ultrasound, the beam is always ___ and the pulse average and temporal average intensities are _____. Thus, SPTA = SPPA and SATA = SAPA

commandment 7

“on”

the same

when pulsed and continuous wave sound beams have the same SPTP intensities, the continuous wave beam has the higher ____ intensity.

when pulsed and continuous wave sound beams have the same SATP intensities, the continuous wave beam has the higher ____ intensity.

commandment 8

SPTA

SATA

temporal peak intensity is ___ intensity in time

commandment 9

maximum

Im intensity is averaged over the most intense ____

commandment 9

half-cycle

pulse average intensity is averaged only during the ____

commandment 9

pulse duration

temporal average intensity is averaged during the ___

commandment 9

PRP (both “on” and “off” times)

spatial peak intensity is the ____ in space

commandment 10

maximum

spatial average intensity is averaged over the _____ area of the beam

commandment 10

cross-sectional