Action Potentials and Neural Transmission

These flashcards cover key concepts related to action potentials, resting potentials, and the mechanisms of neural conduction.

Resting Potential

The stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron, typically around -70 mV.

Action Potential

A brief depolarization of the axon resulting in a positive charge inside the axon, allowing for information conduction.

Threshold

The level of stimulation required to trigger an action potential, typically around -55 mV.

All or None Law

The principle that an action potential occurs fully or not at all; it does not vary in magnitude.

Voltage-Gated Channels

Protein channels in the membrane that open or close in response to changes in membrane potential, allowing ions to enter or exit the neuron.

Depolarization

The reduction in membrane potential, making the inside of the cell more positive.

Hyperpolarization

An increase in membrane potential that makes the inside of the cell more negative than the resting potential.

Refractory Period

A time following an action potential during which a neuron is less likely to produce another action potential.

Sodium-Potassium Pump

A membrane protein that uses ATP to transport Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell, maintaining concentration gradients.

Local Potentials

Small changes in membrane potential that can lead to an action potential if they reach threshold.