Functions and Composition of Blood

Flashcards covering the key concepts and facts from lecture notes on blood composition and functions.

What are the main functions of blood?

Transport, regulation of interstitial fluid, sealing broken vessels, defence, and heat distribution.

What is the composition of plasma?

90% water, 7% plasma proteins, and includes wastes, gases, nutrients, salts, hormones, and drugs.

What stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production?

Erythropoietin (EPO) released by the kidneys and liver in response to low blood oxygen.

What is the average lifespan of red blood cells?

120 days.

What are the blood group antigens and antibodies for group A?

Antigen A and anti-B antibodies.

What is the role of vitamin B12 and folic acid in blood?

They are essential nutrients necessary for red blood cell production.

What happens during the vascular phase of blood clotting?

Vascular spasm narrows the vessel and releases chemicals to promote clotting and repair.

What are the three phases of blood clotting?

The vascular phase, platelet phase, and coagulation phase.

What is the final common pathway in coagulation?

Converts prothrombin into thrombin, which then converts fibrinogen into fibrin.

What do you need to consider when donating blood?

You can only donate to someone who does not produce antibodies against your blood type.