Waves
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17 Terms
What do all waves have?
Wavelength, frequency, amplitude and speed
What is wavelength?
Wavelength (lambda symbol) is the distance from one peak to the next
What is frequency?
Frequency (f) is how many complete waves there are per second (passing a certain point). It’s measure in hertz (Hz). 1 Hz is 1 wave per second
What is amplitude?
Amplitude is the height of the wave (from rest to crest)
What is speed?
The speed (v, for velocity) is how fast the wave goes
What is the period?
True period (T) is the time it takes (in s) for one complete wave to pass a point e.e.g a wave with period 0.002s has a frequency of 1 ./. 0.002 = 500Hz
What is the word equation for wave speed?
Wave speed = frequency x wavelength
What is the symbol equation for wave speed?
V = f x /\
How do you convert kHz and MHz to Hz
1kHz = 1000 Hz (x 1000)
1MHz = 1 000 000 Hz (x 1 000 000)
What are the two possible types of wave?
Transverse or longitudinal
Examples of transverse waves:
Light and all other EM waves
A slinky spring wiggled up and down
Waves on strings
Ripples on water
What are transverse waves?
In transverse the waves are at 90* to the direction energy is transferred by the wave.
Examples of longitudinal waves:
Sound and ultrasound
Sock waves e.g. some seismic waves
A slinky spring when you push the end
What are longitudinal waves?
In longitudinal waves the vibrations are parallel to the direction the wave is travelling
What do all waves transfer and not transfer?
Transfer energy and information without transferring matter
In which direction do all waves carry and transfer energy?
In the direction they’re travelling
E.g. microwaves in an oven make things warm up, their energy is transferred to the food you’re cooking.
Sound waves can make things vibrate or move e.g. loud bangs can start avalanches
What can waves be used to transfer + examples
Waves can also be used as signals to transfer information from one place to another - e.g. light in optical fibers, or radio waves travelling through the air.