Music Appreciation 1590 Exam 2 Study Guide

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Classical and Romantic Eras in music.

Classical Era

Period from 1750-1820 emphasizing reason, individualism, and balance in music.

Age of Enlightenment

An intellectual and philosophical movement emphasizing reason and individualism.

Middle Class

Social class that rose to prominence during the Classical Era, seeking cultural opportunities.

Vienna

Considered the music capital of Europe during the Classical Era.

Homophonic Texture

Musical texture with a clear melody supported by chordal accompaniment.

Basso Continuo

A continuous bass line that was prevalent in Baroque music but ended in the Classical Era.

Dynamics

Refers to the volume of sound, characterized by gradual changes in Classical music.

Sonata Form

A musical structure consisting of exposition, development, and recapitulation.

Ternary Form

A musical structure with three sections, typically A-B-A.

Symphony

A multi-movement orchestral composition, typically lasting 20-45 minutes.

String Quartet

A chamber music ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, and a cello.

Concerto

A musical work for soloist and orchestra, usually in three movements.

Joseph Haydn

Important composer known as the 'Father of the Symphony'.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Influential composer of the Classical Era, renowned for operas and symphonies.

Ludwig van Beethoven

Composer bridging the Classical and Romantic eras, noted for his distinct style.

Romantic Era

Period from 1820-1900 focused on emotion, imagination, and individual expression.

Program Music

Instrumental music associated with a story, poem, idea, or scene.

Art Song

A composition for solo voice and piano, often linked to poetry.

Symphonic Poem

A programmatic orchestral piece in one movement.

Virtuoso

An individual with exceptional skill and technical ability in a particular artistic field.

Programmatic Music

Music that tells a story or depicts a scene, contrasting with absolute music.

Absolute Music

Music that lacks a narrative or external reference; focuses solely on musical form.

Nationalism

A movement in music that expresses national identity or patriotic sentiments.

Exoticism

Use of elements from foreign cultures in music to evoke intrigue and atmosphere.

Miniature Forms

Short compositions often expressing a singular idea or emotion.

Monumental Forms

Longer compositions that may involve intricate orchestration or thematic development.

Freelance Composers

Composers who operate independently without exclusive patronage, appealing to the public.

Dazzling Virtuosity

Highly technical and expressive musical performances showcasing skill.

Clara Wieck Schumann

Composer and pianist known for her contributions to Romantic music.

Franz Liszt

Virtuoso pianist and composer known for his innovative piano techniques.

Frédéric Chopin

Composer primarily known for his works for solo piano, characterized by emotional depth.

Richard Wagner

Composer noted for his operas and significant influence on the Romantic music style.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Composer known for his ballets, operas, and symphonies filled with emotional expressiveness.

Gustav Mahler

Late-Romantic composer known for his complex symphonies and song cycles.

Niccolò Paganini

Violin virtuoso recognized for his phenomenal technical prowess.

Johannes Brahms

Composer known for his mastery of symphonic and chamber music forms.

Felix Mendelssohn

Composer and conductor whose works reflect classical forms with Romantic expression.

Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel

A composer whose works were often overlooked due to her gender, sister of Felix Mendelssohn.

Robert Schumann

Composer known for his songs, symphonies, and piano works reflecting Romantic ideals.

Hector Berlioz

Composer known for his innovative orchestration and programmatic compositions.