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Pilot studies (5 points)
-small scale practice investigations
-prior to research
-identify potential problems
-Ps may suggest changes, e.g. when there is DCs
-to see whether significant results may be found
What is test-retest reliability?
Where the same test is administered twice over a period of time to a group of individuals. The correlation coefficient between the two sets of scores can then act as a measure of test-retest reliability.
What is split-half reliability?
Where a test is split into two halves (e.g. one half odd numbered questions, one half even). Test should have a large number of questions, measuring same knowledge area. Each half is administered to the same person, then the correlation between the scores for both halves is calculated.
What does a higher correlation in split-half reliability indicate?
Higher internal consistency, and that all parts of the test are contributing fairly equally to what is being measured.
Two examples of psychological research affecting the economy
-Role of father
-Research supporting treatment of mental disorders
Main aims of peer review
-to allocate research funding
-to validate quality and relevance of research
-to suggest amendments or improvements
Peer review eval points
-publication bias - want to publish headline-grabbing
-Burying groundbreaking research if it contradicts their own view
-peers may use anonymity to criticise research
What is construct validity?
A measure of how well a test is measuring the theory it is based on
What is criterion validity?
The extent to which a test measures the outcome it was designed to measure
How is criterion validity measured?
-by statistically testing a new measurement technique against an independent criterion to establish concurrent validity
-by statistically testing against a future performance to establish predictive validity
