Geological eras

Jurassic

* Duration: 201.3 million years ago to 145 million years ago.
* Key Features: Dominance of dinosaurs, first birds, emergence of flowering plants.
* Mesozoic era

Cretaceous

* Duration: 145 million years ago to 66 million years ago.
* Key Features: Continued dominance of dinosaurs, diversification of flowering plants.
* Mesozoic Era

Paleogene

* Duration: 66 million years ago to 23.03 million years ago.
* Key Features: Extinction of dinosaurs, rise of mammals, first primates.
* Cenozoic

Neogene Period

* Duration: 23 million years ago to 2.6 million years ago


* Key features: significant climatic changes and the diversification of mammals. It witnessed the emergence of iconic species like early hominids and the evolution of grasslands.
* Cenozoic

Quaternary

* Duration: 2.6 million years ago - present


* Characterized by the presence of Homo sapiens, the Ice Ages, with alternating glacial and interglacial periods, shaping the Earth's climate and leading to the diversification of human cultures and civilizations.
* Cenozoic

Precambrian

* Duration: Approximately 4.6 billion years ago to 541 million years ago.


* Key Features: Formation of Earth, origin of life, evolution of early organisms.
* Broken into Hadean, Archaen, and Proterozoic

Cambrian

* Duration: 541 million years ago to 485.4 million years ago.
* Key Features: Explosion of diverse marine life, first appearance of many animal phyla.
* Paleozoic

Ordovician

* Duration: 485.4 million years ago to 443.8 million years ago.


* Key Features: Diversification of marine life, first appearance of jawless fish.
* Paleozoic

Silurian

* Duration: 443.8 million years ago to 419.2 million years ago.
* Key Features: First land plants, colonization of land by arthropods.
* Paleozoic

Devonian

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* Duration: 419.2 million years ago to 358.9 million years ago.
* Key Features: Age of fishes, first forests, appearance of amphibians.
* Paleozoic

Carboniferous

* Duration: 358.9 million years ago to 298.9 million years ago.


* Key Features: Extensive coal-forming swamps, diversification of reptiles.
* Pennsylvanian and Mississippian
* Paleozoic

Permian

* Duration: 298.9 million years ago to 252.2 million years ago.
* Key Features: Mass extinction event, emergence of early reptiles.
* Paleozoic

Triassic

* Duration: 252.2 million years ago to 201.3 million years ago.
* Key Features: Rise of dinosaurs, first mammals and turtles.
* Mesozoic