Theories on the Causes of Migration

What do economists tend to emphasize differences of in as the main cause of migration?

Economic advantages

What do geographers stress the roles of in migration?

Place

What do sociologists focus on the effects of in migration?

Socioeconomic status and social networks on mmigration

What do micro or behavioral approaches analyze?

Understanding individual migration behavior

What do aggregate or macro approaches focus on?

Analyzing migration patterns and flows

How many major theories of migraiton exist?

6

Who is macroadjustment theory popular with?

Economists who study migration

What does macroadjustment view as a primary driver of migration?

Interregional wage differences

How does labor move in macroadjustment theory?

Fron low-wage areas to high-wage areas

Why do low-wage areas have less labor over time?

Outmigration

What is the effect of outmigration and less labor avalible on the labor maket?

It tightens the labor market and boosts wages

What happens to high wage areas in macroadjustment theory?

They will see their labor supply expanding

An expanding labor supply will have what effect on wage rates?

It can suppress wage rates

In macroadjustment theory what does migration surve as a function for?

A mechanism for interregional labor maket adjustment and eventually equalized wage levels

What do economists call equal wage levels?

Labor market equilibrium

What does macroadjustment assume?

Individuals are rational decision makers seeking to maximize benefits, and have sufficient info about wages and employment, and can move freely and spontaneously to pursuit their own interests

the macroadjustment theory is rooted in what idea?

Rational choice and a cost-benefit analysis of migration decisions

How has empirical research affected macroadjustment theory?

It has given it little support

What is often the case with macroadjustment theory?

Rather than migration bringing wage levels to equilibrium the opposite is often the case

How might migration better be considered?

A process that maintains a state of disequilibrium

How does the Human Capital Model view migration?

As an investment that a prospective migrant makes based on future returns

According to the model what is migration based on?

Cost-benefit analysis