terms for US history

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and individualism over faith and tradition

English bill of Rights

An act of parliament that limited the rights of the English Monarchy and enumerated certain political Rights

Magna Carta

A document limiting the power of the king of England and guaranteeing certain rights and Englishmen

Natural rights

(Life, liberty, and property) are rights that can never be taken away or even voluntarily given up by individuals. These rights were “unalienable” (impossible to surrender).

Consent to the governed

The authority to rule came from the people the government served

Social contract

A ruler had to protect his/her citizens’ natural rights and if the ruler did not do this the citizens had the right to establish a new government that would protect it.

Bill of rights

The protections for personal liberty that limit the power of the government over individuals

Articles of confederation

The first plan for a National government in the United State; it created a confederation of 13 states

Northwest Territory

Part of the territory ceded to the U.S. by Great Britain in the Treaty of Paris ;it lays North of the Ohio river, east of the Mississippi River, and west of the established boundaries of Pennsylvania

Federalism

Division of power among federal and state governments

Anti-federalist

The opponent of ratifying the constitution; their beliefs were that the constitution would give them less power and take away their liberties

3 branches of government

1. Judicial Branch (enforces the laws)

2. Executive Branch (interprets laws)

3. Legislative Branch (make laws)

Federalist

Ones for the new constitution

Beliefs:

Strong federal government

Good relations with Great Britain

Power to tax

Regulate commerce

Army

3/5 compromise

decreed that enslaved people would be counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of determining a state's total population for representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation.

Declaration of Independence

The official statement adopted by the second continental Congress that declared independence and was largely drafted by Thomas Jefferson

Great compromise

Constitutional Convention that established a two-house legislature (bicameral) with both proportional representation in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate.

Rights of the accused

The amendments in the bill of rights that explain how the issue should be treated and the rights they have when accused of a crime

North west ordinance

This is a long that allows new states to be added when they have a big enough population.

Principle of social contract

A ruler must protect his/her citizens natural rights if the ruler does not do this then the citizens have the right to abolish or change the government so they’re natural rights are protect protected

Declaration of independence

It was a document that was written in 1776. The purpose of it was to establish the US as a New an independent nation. It talks about the liberties’s and equality that we will have as a new nation and our rights

Great compromise

This resolve the debate over legislative representation by creating a bicameral with proportional representation in a House of Representatives

rights of property

To be able to own property stating that the government cannot take away your property, including your state and personal object without due process. These rights are found in the second third and some of the fifth amendments.

federalism

Dividing power between the federal government and its state government