Chapter 8 - Appendicular Skeleton

BIO 047

True or false, the appendicular skeleton is the part of the skeletal system that allows us to perform a wide variety of movements?

True

The pectoral girdle consists of ____ and ____.

Clavicle, scapula

The pectoral girdle attaches _____ _____ to _____.

Upper limbs, trunk

What makes dislocations and other shoulder injuries common?

The shallowness of the shoulder joint. The more shallow a joint is, the less stability it has.

The clavicles contain 2 ends, what are they and which is medial/lateral?

• Acromial end (flat) - lateral

• Sternal end (rounded) - medial

Which process is found on the scapulae?

Coracoid process

The spine of the scapulae separates the ____ fossa and the ____ fossa.

Supraspinous, infraspinous

What is the only bone of the arm?

Humerus

Aside from the epicondyles, the humerus contains these processes on its distal end.

Capitulum & trochlea

What are the 3 locations that the radius and ulna articulate at?

1. Proximal radioulnar joint

2. Distal radioulnar joint

3. Interosseous membrane

The coronoid fossa resides on the ____.

Humerus

The capitulum directly connects to the head of the ____.

Radius

The trochlea directly connects to the head of the ____.

Ulna

Acetabulum

A deep socket structure on the lateral pelvic surface that holds the head of the femur.

What is the main bone responsible for forming the elbow joint, but plays little to no role in hand movement?

The ulna

This forearm bone directly articulates with the carpals and contributes heavily to the wrist joint.

Radius

The ____ forms the true wrist.

A. Metacarpals

B. Carpus

C. Phalanges

B. Carpus

Name the 8 carpal bones in order from lateral to medial starting in the proximal row.

Proximal row - Scaphoi, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform

Distal row - Trapezsium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Which finger has no middle phalanx?

The thumb

Auricular surface of the ilium attaches to auricular surface of the ____.

Sacrum

The pelvic brim includes

A. pubic crest

B. arcuate line

C. inferior edge of sacral ala

D. sacral promontory

E. all of the above

E. all of the above

“ala” describes ____.

A wing-like structure

____ tuberosities are the strongest part of the hip bone, as they bear our weight when sitting.

Ischial

_____ forms the superior region of the coxal bone.

A. Pubic

B. Ischium

C. Ilium

C. Ilium

____ forms the lateral aspect of the hip bone.

A. Pubis

B. Ilium

C. Ischium

A. Pubis

The false pelvis is the ____ pelvis and ____ to the pelvic brim.

A. Greater, superior

B. Lesser, inferior

C. Lesser, superior

D. Greater, inferior

A. Greater, superior

The “false” pelvis is given its name because

A. It lacks a pubic symphysis

B. It does not articulate with the sacrum

C. It is only present in women's pelves

D. It does not directly house any reproductive organs

D. It does not directly house any reproductive organs

What is one of the distinctions between female and male pelves?

Female pelves are wider/shallower to accommodate childbearing while male pelves are narrower and deeper.

This is the strongest and longest bone of the body.

Femur

The femur contains ____ shaped condyles on its posterior distal end, which helps it roll on the flat tibial condyles to form the knee.

Wheel-shaped

The name given to the deep depression between the medial and lateral condyles.

Intercondylar fossa

What are the 3 points of articulation between the tibia and fibula?

1. Proximal tibiofibular joint

2. Distal tibiofibular joint

3. Interosseous membrane

While the hand is composed of carpus, metacarpals, and phalanges, the foot is composed of ____, ____, and ____.

tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges

Which of the following is NOT a structure of the foot?

1. navicle

2. cuneiform

3. metacarpal 1

4. talus

1. metacarpal 1

The lateral malleolus belongs to the ____ and forms ____.

A. Fibula, the lateral bulge of the ankle

B. Femur, the pit on the head of the femur

C. Tibia, the medial bulge of the ankle

D. Gluteus, the posterior side of the buttocks muscle

A. Fibula, the lateral bulge of the ankle