CSEP421 - Endocrine System

Flashcards about the endocrine system

Endocrine system

Acts via release of hormones (chemical signals), travels via the bloodstream, produces slower responses, effects last longer, broader influence

Hormones

Chemicals produced by endocrine glands and transported by blood that affect only certain target cells.

Signals from the nervous system

Regulate the release of adrenaline

Chemical changes in the blood e.g. blood calcium levels

Regulate the release of PTH

Other hormones e.g. an anterior pituitary hormone, TSH

Regulates secretions of the thyroid gland

An increase in blood glucose levels

Pancreas releases insulin to help bring blood glucose levels back to normal range

A decrease in blood glucose levels

Pancreas releases glucagon to help bring blood glucose levels back to normal range

Positive feedback

Response to a change in a controlled condition strengthens or enhances the change

Posterior pituitary gland releases a hormone (oxytocin)

Stimulates contractions in the mammary glands to cause milk ejection

Growth hormone

Enhances growth, repair and regeneration of tissues

Parathyroid hormone

Elevates calcium levels in the blood

Oestrogen

Essential for egg maturation and development of female secondary sexual characteristics

Testosterone

Essential for sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics

Calcitonin

Lowers calcium levels in the blood

Thyroxine

Increases metabolic rate

Adrenaline

Increases heart rate

Cortisol

Helps the body deal with stress; has anti-inflammatory properties

Insulin

Decreases blood glucose level

Glucagon

Raises blood glucose level