[BIOCHEM-LAB-FINALS] EXP12: LIPID DIGESTION

Lipid Digestion

What is the title of Experiment 12?

Triglycerides or neutral fats

This the most abundant fats in the diet.

Fat Digestion

This occurs at the surface of the droplets through the action of an enzyme called pancreatic lipase that digests triglycerides.

Surface of the droplets

Fat digestion occurs at the?

Pancreatic lipase

Fat digestion happens through the action of an enzyme called ______ that digests triglycerides.

Glycerol

Fat digestion cleaves amino acids from?

Hydrolysis

Through this process, lipase removes 2 of the 3 fatty acids from each triglyceride molecules and liberates free fatty acids and monoglycerides.

Lipase

What enzyme does removes 2 of the 3 fatty acids?

Bile salts

Lipids are digested in the small intestine after being emulsified by these salts.

Bile

This plays an important role in fat digestion.

Bile

It is a yellowish green fluid secreted in the liver and conveyed by a duct to the duodenum.

Yellowish green

What is the color of bile?

Liver

Bile is secreted in the?

Duodenum

Bile, secreted in the liver and conveyed by a duct to the?

• Bile salts

• Bile pigments (bilirubin)

• Cholesterol

• Phospholipids (mainly lecithin)

• Inorganic ions

The bile fluid consists of?

Bilirubin

This is the bile pigments.

Enzyme

Bile contains no _____, but provides a suitable environment for the operation of the pancreatic and intestinal enzymes when this enters the duodenum by alkalizing the acid bolus from the stomach.

Hydrochloric acid

This acid of the stomach, upon entering the intestine, acts as a powerful stimulus to the flow of pancreatic juice, intestinal juice and bile, but is antagonistic to the action of these enzyme.

Bile

This counteracts the hydrochloric acid and produces a favorable medium for the action of these enzymes?

Bile

This is considered as a powerful disinfectant and prevents putrefaction in the intestine.

Bile

It also serves to prevent the formation of gas and helps to maintain the alkalinity of the intestine.

Emulsification

The process where bile salts accelerate fat digestion.

Insoluble

Are triglycerides soluble or insoluble in water?

1. Large fat globules

2. Chyme

The triglycerides are insoluble in water, it tends to cluster into (1)______ and agitate (2)____.

Globules

These are broken down into small droplets that become coated with bile salts.

Negative charge

Bile salts carry a ________, hence separating the coated droplets because they repel each other.

Fatty acids and monoglycerides

Triglycerides can be broken down much more rapidly to?

Bile acids

These are derivatives of cholesterol metabolism in the body.

Cholesterol metabolism

Bile acids are derivatives of _______ in the body.

Cholesterol

This is converted into the bile acids like cholic acid and chemodeoxycholic acid.

Cholic and chemodeoxycholic acid

Cholesterol is converted into the bile acids like?

1. Glycine or taurine

2. Glycocholic and taurocholic acid

The bile acids are then chemically linked (conjugated) to an amino acids like (1)__________ to yield the conjugated form of (2)_____________.

Cannaliculi

Respectively, these bile salts are actively secreted into?

Bile acids

These are actually a salt form, hence termed “bile salts”.