HIST 441

Which of the following statements best describes the Spanish empire in the Americas before the Seven Years’ War?

The Spanish empire was Catholic and centered in Mexico with colonies in present-day Florida, New Mexico, and Texas.

According to Alan Taylor, how did the rise of evangelical Christianity affect society in British North America?

Evangelicalism championed individualism and weakened belief in social hierarchies.

Which of the following statements best describes the French empire in the Americas before the Seven Years’ War?

The French empire was Catholic and consisted of colonies in Canada, Louisiana, and the West Indies

Which of the following statements describes religious practice in British North America?

British colonists were predominantly protestant, and most colonies had an established church supported by public taxes.

Which of the following statements best captures British colonists’ views of the French and Spanish empires?

They were economically and religiously backward and submissive to despotic rule.

According to Michael Hattem, what is currently the dominant school of thought or interpretation of the American Revolution?

For the last two decades, there has been no dominant interpretation of the era, and instead, many different works have appeared from a variety of subfields.

Which of the following descriptions best captures the meaning of the term historiography?

The study of the changing interpretations of the past

Which of the following statements best describes the form of the British government in the mid-1700s?

Power was divided between the king and Parliament.

How did British colonists understand the idea of “civil rights.”

Civil rights stemmed from their status as British subjects.

Which of the following statements best describes Gordon Wood’s interpretation of the American Revolution?

Wood argues that the American Revolution was the most radical event in U.S. history.

Which of the following categories of imported goods was the focus of attention of the boycotts that followed the Townshend Duties?

Textiles

According to Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, how do some scholars explain the link between a “consumer revolution” and the political history of the 1760s and 1770s?

New, expanded consumer markets unified a dispersed population and oriented them toward common interests.

According to Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, which of the following was NOT a reason that tea became an important trade good in the eighteenth-century British empire?

North American colonists began consuming it instead of alcohol because of their religious beliefs.

How did Cyrus Baldwin respond to the Stamp Act protest on August 14, 1765?

He hoped that the destruction of Andrew Oliver’s house would serve as a warning to others not to accept an appointment as stamp distributor.

According to John Adams, how had the Stamp Act protests affected common people in Massachusetts?

They had become more aware of their liberties and more determined to defend them.

How did British merchants respond to the boycotts organized by colonists in opposition to the Stamp Act?

They urged Parliament to repeal the law because the boycotts had such negative consequences for their business.

Which of the following holidays inspired tactics used in the Stamp Act protests in Boston?

Pope’s Day

Which of the following was NOT among the reasons Parliament repealed the Stamp Act?

King George III believed that colonists paid too much in taxes.

Which of the following groups eventually took control of organizing the Stamp Act protests after August 1765?

The Sons of Liberty

What was the significance of the Declaratory Act passed by Parliament in 1766?

It reasserted the right of Parliament to make laws for the colonies.

According to Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, how did political and religious ideas combine in colonial boycotts?

Whigs cited Biblical ideas about the dangers of consumption to sustain the boycotts designed to affect political change.

According to Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, which of the following trends was most significant in leading to the new kinds of politics present in the 1760s and 1770s?

The rapid population growth of the colonies between 1700 and 1770

Which of the following statements best describes the cooperation between Britain’s colonies in the Americas in response to the Stamp Act?

North American colonies from New England to Georgia increasingly cooperated with one another.

Why did wearing clothing of homespun cloth become a political statement?

Because it symbolized support for the boycott of goods imported from Great Britain

According to Andrew Jackson O’Shaughnessy, why did none of the colonies in the British West Indies side with the United States during the American Revolution?

Because the North American and West Indies colonies had fundamentally different interests within the British empire.

According to Andrew Jackson O’Shaughnessy, which of the following was NOT among the reasons colonists in the British West Indies increasingly opposed the American Revolution beginning in 1776?

The British Navy occupied many of the islands and arrested and tried any colonists who expressed sympathy for the American Revolution.

Why did Pennsylvania alter its instructions to its delegates to the Continental Congress between November 1775 and June 1776?

Pennsylvania authorized them to support independence for a variety of reasons, including that Parliament had rejected Congress’s petition and declared the colonies in rebellion.

Which of the following was NOT among the arguments that Hampden made in favor of remaining loyal to the British government?

King George III had promised to exempt the colonies from rule by Parliament if they dissolved the Continental Congress.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the arguments made in the first two paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence?

Governments derive their powers from the consent of the governed, and when a government abuses its authority, the people have a right to change or replace their government.

What was the primary effect of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense?

It convinced many moderate Whigs to support the movement for independence.

What was the primary reason the Continental Congress hesitated to declare independence in the spring and early summer of 1776?

Many congressional delegates were waiting for updated instructions from their colonial assemblies allowing them to vote for independence.

How many colonies sent delegates to the First Continental Congress?

Twelve

How did a New York City crowd react to a reading of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776?

They toppled a statue of King George III.

In 1774, the First Continental Congress extended repeated invitations to one of Britain’s North American colonies, asking them to join their cause and send representatives to Philadelphia. Which colony was it?

Quebec