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purchase

noun

 formal

The act of buying something:

e.g. New restrictions have been placed on the __________ of guns.

discretionary

adjective

 formal

relating to things that you pay for that are not considered completely necessary, or to money spent on these things:

e.g.

• ____________ spending Households have already cut back on _______________ amid worries about the economic outlook.

• ____________ purchases Consumer spending has shrunk, with most people cutting back on _____________, such as hotel stays.

• ____________ income He suggests that any _________________ should be used to pay off loans before using it to make investments.

=/ non-discretionary

acquisition

noun

the process of getting something:

e.g. The ___________ of huge amounts of data has helped our research enormously.

Occupy a prominent position (phrase)

= play a prominent role

e.g. Shopping ___________________ in people’s lives

insofar as

conjunction

 formal

to the degree that

Formulas: [Main clause], insofar as [subordinate clause] / Insofar as [subordinate clause], [main clause]

e.g. __________ educational resources are available, every child should have access to quality schooling.

procurement

noun [ U ]

 formal

the process of getting supplies:

e.g. a substantial budget for the ______________ of military supplies

commodity

noun [ C ]

a substance or product that can be traded, bought, or sold:

e.g. The country's most valuable ______________ include tin and diamonds.

mundane

adjective

very ordinary and therefore not interesting:

e.g. ________matters such as paying bills and shopping for food do not interest her.

= quotidian, unremarkable, workaday

mechanism

noun [ C ]

a way of doing something that is planned or part of a system:

e.g. The _____________ for collecting taxes needs revising.

cultivation

noun [ U ]

(1) The act of preparing land and growing crops on it, or the act of growing a particular crop:

e.g. Agriculture in the valleys consists mainly of the ____________ of fruits, grains, and vegetables.

(2) The act of trying to develop and improve something:

e.g. Those who take up the _________ of mindfulness find out for themselves how it helps to solve life's problems.

trigger

verb [ T ]

to cause something to start:

e.g. Some people find that certain foods_______ their headaches.

intrinsic

adjective

being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing:

e.g. works of little __________ value/interest

nurture

verb [ T ]

 formal

(1) to take care of, feed, and protect someone or something, especially young children or plants, and help him, her, or it to develop:

e.g. She wants to stay at home and __________ her children.

(2) to help a plan or a person to develop and be successful:

e.g. As a record company executive, his job is to _________ young talent.

medium

noun [ C ]

a method or way of expressing something:

e.g. through the _________ of They told the story ________________ of dance.

personnel

noun [ U, + sing/pl verb ]

the people who are employed in a company, organization, or one of the armed forces:

e.g. The new director is likely to make major changes in ___________.

self-perpetuating

adjective

having a system that prevents change and produces new things that are very similar to the old ones:

e.g. The fighting between the different groups has become a _____________________spiral of death and hatred.

identity

noun

the fact of being, or feeling that you are, a particular type of person, organization, etc.; the qualities that make a person, organization, etc. different from others:

e.g. a loss of __________ In prison people often suffer from a _____________.

overshadow

to make sb/ sth less happy or important
e.g. Whenever I disagree with my sister about her opinions, she will overshadow me by ignoring me.

imbalance

= discrepancy, disparity, inequality

underlie (v)

to be hidden cause of the strong influence
e.g. Psychological problems very often _______apparently physical disorders.
= inspire, trigger, cause
=/ destabilase, unbalance, attenuate

protect

= shelter, secure, armored, fortify

consequence

= repercussion, aftermath, corollary, ramification,
=/ causation, antecedent, commencement, excuse