Reference Ranges By A.King

9 rights of medication

Right Med

Right Dose

Right Route

Right Time

Right Patient

Right Education

Right To Refuse

PERRLA stands for

pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accomodation

F to C for Celsius

C=( F-32)/1.8

C to F for Fahrenheit

F=(C x 1.8)+32

lB to KG

divide by 2.2

KG to lB

multiply by 2.2

Temps - Axillary

It is least accurate, and it is 1 Fahrenheit lower than oral and 2 Fahrenheit lower than Rectal

Temps- Oral

Most common but 1 Fahrenheit lower than rectal temp

Temps- Rectal

Most accurate b/c rectum is a closed cavity

Temps- Temporal

is 1 Fahrenheit lower than rectal and generally used for Infants

Types of Consent- Informed

Pt recieves full understanding of procedure

Types of Consent- Expressed

Pt gives explicit consent via orally or writing

Types of Consent- Implied

Pt actions indicate that they are given consent for a procedure

Urine's Ph

5.5 -8.0

Specific gravity

can range from 1.003 to 1.030 but usually 1.010 to 1.025

Urine specific gravity (diluted urine)

Below 1.010

Urine specific gravity (concentrated urine)

Above 1.010

Highly concentrated urine can be _____________________

Dehydration

yellow tube is inverted ________ times

8 to 10

light blue tube is inverted ______ times

3 to 4

red tube is inverted ____ times

5

red /gray marbled tube(SST) ______times

5

green tubes are inverted____ times

8

green/gray tubes(PST) are inverted ____ times

8

lavender tubes are inverted ___ times

8

gray tubes are inverted ______ times

8-10

yellow tube additive and lab use

Additive: SPS; prevents blood from clotting

Lab use: blood or bodily fluid cultures

Lt. blue

Additive: Sodium citrate; removes calcium to prevent blood clots

Lab use: coagulation testing

Red

Additive: none

Lab use: serum testing, chemistry studies, blood bank, and immunology

Red/gray marbled (SST)

Additive: no anti-coag. but has silica particles for clot formation

Lab use: serum test, chemistry studies; immunology

green tube

Additive: Heparin: inhibits thrombin formation to prevent clotting

Lab use: chemistry test

green/gray marbled

Additive: lithium heparin & gel for plasma separating

Lab use: plasma determinations in chemistry studies

Lavender

Additive: EDTA; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting

Lab use: Hematology test

gray

Additive: potassium oxalate & sodium fluoride; removes calcium to prevent blood clot; fluoride inhibits glycolysis

Lab use: chemistry testing, especially glucose and alcohol levels

serum specimens should be allowed to centrifuge ____ mins prior

30

Allergy testing

scratch test

intradermal

___ minutes for urine results (ex: pregnancy test)

5

The testing for allergies usually happens on the

forearm and upper back

Adult hearing

25 decibels

child hearing

15 decibels

sagittal plane

divides the body into left and right portions

Midsagitall plane

refers to equal division of left and right sides

Transverse plane

divides body into upper and lower sections

frontal plane (aka coronal plane)

divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

RUQ

Liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, right kidney, pancreas, and the right adrenal gland.

LUQ

Liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and the left adrenal gland.

RLQ

appendix, reproductive organs, right ureter

LLQ

small intestine, large intestine, left ovary,left ureter,left spermatic cord,and left kidney

Brachial

used on children

radial

used for adults

carotid

used for emergencies

pulse ox range

95 above normal 90 or below abnormal

Hemoglobin (Hgb) range

Male - 13.5 + 4 = 17.5 (13.5 to 17.5 g/dL)

Female - 12+4=16 (12 to 16 g/dL)

Hematocrit (Hct) has two codes (a way to rm hematocrit range)

M4153 % & F3646 %

glucose range

70-100 mg/dL (fasting)

Hemoglobin A1c

below 5.7%

Cholesterol has good cholesterol (HDL) and bad cholesterol (LDL)

good - greater than 60 mg/dL

bad -less than 100 mg/dL

Total Cholesterol equals

130 to 200 mg/dL

Potassium range (potassium goes to work from 3:30 to 5:01 )

3.5-5.1 mEq/L

Prediabetes range

100-125 mg/dL

Diabetes range

126 +

Refrigerated meds stored at

2 and 8 Celsius ( 35 -46 Fahreinheit)

Frozen meds stored at

-50 and -15 (-58 and 5 F)

room temp

20 to 25 celsius ( 68 to 77F)