Lab 4: Skeletal System

cancellous bone

spongy bone that is inside bones

cortical bone

compacy bone that is the external outside of bones

name bone and structures

long bone structures

diaphysis, epiphysis, epiphyseal line/plate, medullary cavity, yellow marrow, red marrow, periosteum, articular cartilage, compact bone, spongy bone, nutrient foramen

6 cranial bones

frontal bone, parietal bone (2), temporal bones (2), sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, occipital bone

structures of frontal bone

frontal sinus

structures of parietal bone

coronal suture, sagittal suture

structures of temporal bone

squamosal suture, mandibular fossa, external auditory (acoustic) meatus, internal auditory (acoustic) meatus, zygomatic process

structures of sphenoid bone

sella turcica, optic foramen (canal)

structures of ethmoid bone

nasal concha, perpendicular plate, crista galli, cribriform plate, ethmoid sinuses

structures of occipital bone

lambdoidal suture, foramen magnum, occipital condyles

7 facial bones of the skull

mandible, maxillary bone (maxilla), palatine bone, zygomatic bones, lacrimal bones, nasal bone, vomer bone

structures of mandible

mandibular condyle, mandibular foramen

structures of maxillary bone (maxilla)

maxillary sinuses

structures of zygomatic bone

temporal process

facial bones with no other structures

palatine bone, lacrimal bone, nasal bone, vomer bone

name bones and structures

frontal bone, nasal bone, lacrimal bone, sphenoid bone (optical foramen/canal), ethmoid bone (nasal concha, perpendicular plate), (right and left) zygomatic bone, (left and right) maxillary bone, vomer bone

name bones and structures

frontal bone, coronal suture, parietal bone, squamosal suture, temporal bone (zygomatic process, external auditory meatus, mandibular fossa), zygomatic bone (temporal process), maxillary bone, occipital bone, lambdoidal suture, mandible (mandibular condyle)

name bones and structures

frontal bone, coronal suture, parietal bones, sagittal suture

name bones and structures

frontal bone, frontal sinus, parietal bone, temporal bone (inner auditory/acoustic meatus), occipital bone, mandible (mandibular foramen), ethmoid bone (ethmoid sinuses), maxillary bone (maxillary sinuses)

name bones and structures

maxillary bone, palatine bone, vomer bone, temporal bone (zygomatic process), zygomatic bone (temporal process), occipital bone (occipital condyles, foramen magnum)

name bones and structures

frontal bone (frontal sinus), ethmoid bone (crista galli, cribriform plate), sphenoid bone (sella turcica)

name bones and structures

structures of a fetal skull

anterior fontanel, posterior fontanel, frontal suture

name structures

anterior fontanel, posterior fontanel, frontal suture

bones of the vertebral column

cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx

structures of a vertebra

body, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, articulating process, intervertebral foramen, intervertebral disk

name bone and structures

C1 or atlas, traverse foramina, articulating process, vertebral foramen, transverse process, intervertebral foramen

name bone and structures

C2 or axis, odontoid process (dens), transverse foramina, articulating process, spinous process, lamina, body, vertebral foramen, transverse process, intervertebral foramen

name bone and structures

cervical vertebra, transverse foramina, articulating process, spinous process, lamina, body, vertebral foramen, transverse process, intervertebral foramen

name bone and structures

cervical vertebra, transverse foramina, articulating process, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, body, vertebral foramen, intervertebral foramen

name bone and structures

thoracic vertebrae, demifacets, body, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, articulating process, intervertebral foramen

name bone and structures

lumbar vertebrae, body, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, articulating process, intervertebral foramen

difference between cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae

cervical: has transverse foramina, atlas has no spinous process or body, axis has odontoid process (dens)
thoracic: has demifacets which articulate with heads of ribs
lumbar: has no demifacets, transverse foramina, or odontoid process

number of vertebrae for each section of cervical vertebre, thoracic vertebrae, and lumbar vertebrae

cervical has 7, thoracic has 12, and lumbar has 5

name the non-bone structures

intervertebral foramen and intervertebral disk

name bones

sacrum and coccyx

structures of the ribs

true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs, costal cartilage

structures of the sternum

jugular notch, manubrium, body, xiphoid process

name the bones and structures of the thoracic cage

ribs (true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs, costal cartilage) and sternum (jugular notch, manubrium, body, xiphoid process)

bones of the pectoral (shoulder girdle)

clavicle and scapula

name bone and structures

clavicle, no structures

name bone and structures

scapula; glenoid cavity, coracoid process, acromion process, spine

structures of the scapula

spine, glenoid process, acromion process, coracoid process

bones of the upper limb

humerus, radius, ulna, hand (carpal bones, metacarpal bones, phalanges)

structures of the humerus

head, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, capitulum, trochlea

structures of the radius

1) head
5) radial tuberosity

1) head
2? radial tuberosity

structures of the ulna

1) olecranon process
4) trochlear notch
5) coronoid process

1) olecranon process
3) trochlear notch
4) coronoid process

bones of the hand

carpal bones, metacarpal bones, phalanges

bones of the pelvic (hip) girdle

coxal bone and sacrum

structures of the coxal bone

pubic symphysis, ilium, ischium, pubis, acetabulum, iliac crest, ischial spine, greater sciatic notch, obturator foramen

bones of the lower limbs

femur, patella, tibia, fibula, foot (tarsals, calcaneus, talus, metatarsals, phalanges)

structures of the femur

head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, lateral condyle, medial condyle, linea aspera

name bone

patella

structures of the tibia

lateral condyle (1), medial condyle (4), medial malleolus (5)

structures of fibula

none

bones of foot

tarsals, calcaneus, talus, metatarsals, phalanges

name bones

femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius

name bones and structures

humerus (head, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, capitulum, trochlea, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa)
radius (head, radial tuberosity)
ulna (olecranon process, coronoid process, trochlear notch)
femur (head, neck, greater trochanter, less trochanter, linea aspera, medial condyle, lateral condyle)
tibia (medial condyle, lateral condyle, medial malleolus)
fibula (none)

name bones of foot

tarsals, calcaneus, talus, metatarsals, phalanges

name bone and structures

coxal bone
1) ilium 4) greater sciatic notch 5) ischial spine 7) ischium 9) obturator foramen 11) iliac crest 15) acetabulum 18) pubis
1) iliac crest 8) obturator foramen 13) greater sciatic nerve 14) ischial spine