HESI A2 V2 BIOLOGY TEST 2

Which are the correct mRNA bases, complementary to the following DNA strand " TGCA":

ACGU

TUGT

TGCA

ACGT

ACGU

Translation takes place:

in the lysosomes

in the cell nucleus

in the cell membrane

in the cell cytoplasm

in the cell cytoplasm

Which of the following describes heterozygous individuals?

They have two of the same alleles

They have two different alleles for the same gene

They result from asexual reproduction only

They result from sexual reproduction only

They have two different alleles for the same gene

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchic system of classification from most inclusive to least inclusive?

Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Class, Family, Genus, Species

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Genus, Species

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Family, Class, Genus, Species

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

A repeatable procedure of gathering data to support or refute a hypothesis is known as

conducting an experiment

the scientific method

drawing a conclusion

developing a theory

conducting an experiment

Which of the following is not true about water?

When water freezes, it forms a lattice crystal, causing ice to float.

Large bodies of water stabilize climates due to water's high specific heat.

The polarity of water's bonds allows for covalent bonding between molecules.

Hydrogen bonding results in water having strong cohesive and adhesive properties.

The polarity of water's bonds allows for covalent bonding between molecules.

Which biologic molecule would you recommend a patient limit if they want to avoid having cardiovascular problems?

Unsaturated fats

Carbohydrates

Phospholipids

Saturated fats

Saturated fats

DNA and RNA are subunits of which type of biologic molecule?

Proteins

Lipids

Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates

Nucleic acids

Which type of protein acts to catalyze different reactions or processes?

Amino acids

Enzymes

Steroids

Hormones

Enzymes

What are the three types of lipids?

Fatty acids, enzymes, and steroids

Fatty acids, phospholipids, and enzymes

Fatty acids, saturated fats, and unsaturated fats

Fatty acids, phospholipids, and steroids

Fatty acids, phospholipids, and steroids

In a cell, reactions take place in a series of steps called ____________?

catabolic pathways

metabolic pathways

the electron transport chain

cellular respiration

metabolic pathways

What function do cholesterol molecules serve within the cell membrane?

They allow for carbohydrate chains to extend beyond the cell membrane to communicate with other cells.

They allow the cell membrane to be selectively permeable by making the bilayer structure more flexible.

They act as transport highways for molecular movement into and out of the cell.

They stabilize the flexible bilayer structure to prevent breakage.

They stabilize the flexible bilayer structure to prevent breakage.

Although animal cells lack cell walls, they do have an elaborate system of glycoproteins that provide support to the outside of the cell called the:

extracellular matrix

endomembrane system

cytosol

cytoskeleton

extracellular matrix

If an animal cell is left in an unknown solution overnight, and the next day the cell bursts, it can be assumed that the unknown solution is:

hypotonic

hypertonic

isotonic

tonic

hypotonic

Which organelle is responsible for storing, modifying and sending out products of the endoplasmic reticulum, such as proteins?

Endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes

Golgi apparatus

Lysosomes

Golgi apparatus

Which cell organelle functions in the detoxification and metabolism of multiple molecules?

Lysosomes

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A flagellum is a whip-like appendage found on the surface of some cells. What is their primary purpose?

Membrane production

Transport proteins throughout the cell

Detoxification of medications and poisons

Movement of the cell

Movement of the cell

Which type of cell lacks a defined nucleus?

Animal cell

Eukaryotic cell

Plant cell

Prokaryotic cell

Prokaryotic cell

Which step in cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria of the cell and produces two ATP molecules, six carbon dioxide molecules, and six NADH molecules for every molecule of glucose?

The Calvin cycle

Electron transport chain

The Krebs cycle

Glycolysis

The Krebs cycle

Which of the following statements about catabolic pathways that lead to cellular respiration is correct?

Cellular respiration and fermentation produce the same amount of energy.

Cellular respiration is an anaerobic reaction; fermentation is a combustion reaction.

Fermentation produces more energy than cellular respiration.

Cellular respiration produces more energy than fermentation.

Cellular respiration produces more energy than fermentation.

Solar energy is converted to chemical energy during which stage of photosynthesis?

Light reactions

Sugar polymerization

The Calvin cycle

The Krebs cycle

Light reactions

What is the process by which bacterial cells reproduce called?

Cytokinesis

Binary fission

Meiosis

Mitosis

Binary fission

During which phase of cell reproduction does the cell's nuclear envelope begin to disappear?

Prophase

Prometaphase

Cytokinesis

Metaphase

Prometaphase

Crossing over occurs during which phase of meiosis?

Telophase II

Prophase I

Telophase I

Prophase II

Prophase I

36 chromosomes undergo meiosis. How many chromosomes will be in each gamete?

72

36

18

144

18